واکنش تابعی وابسته به سن زنبورهای پارازیتویید Aphidius matricariae و Praopn volucre (Hym.: Braconidae) روی شته Aphis gossypii (Hem.: Aphididae)

نویسندگان

1 Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran

2 Agricultural, Medical and Industrial Research School, P. O. Box 31485/498, Karaj, Iran

چکیده

شته جالیز، Aphis gossypii Glover یکی از آفات مهم خیار گلخانه­ای در جهان است. در این تحقیق واکنش تابعی وابسته به سن زنبورهای پارازیتویید Aphidius matricariae Haliday و Praon volucre (Haliday) روی شته A. gossypii در شرایط آزمایشگاهی 1±25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی %5±60 و دوره نوری 14 ساعت روشنایی و 10 ساعت تاریکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که واکنش تابعی زنبور A. matricariae در روزهای اول، دوم، سوم، چهارم و پنجم عمر زنبور پارازیتویید از نوع سوم و در روز ششم عمر از نوع دوم بود. واکنش تابعی زنبور پارازیتویید P. volucre در تمام عمر زنبور پارازیتویید از نوع دوم بود. بیشترین مقدار b (003/0±02/0 بر ساعت) و کمترین مقدار زمان دستیابی (Th) (013/0±70/0 ساعت) زنبور A. matricariae در روز اول عمر زنبور پارازیتویید بود. بیشترین مقدار حداکثر نرخ حمله زنبور پارازیتویید A. matricariae برابر 28/34 پوره و در روز اول عمر زنبور پارازیتویید مشاهده شد. بیشترین مقدار قدرت جستجوگری زنبور پارازیتوییدP. volucre  در روزهای دوم و سوم (003/0±03/0 و 005/0±03/0 بر ساعت، به ترتیب) عمر زنبورهای پارازیتویید ماده بدست آمد. کمترین زمان دستیابی زنبور پارازیتویید P. volucre برابر 140/0±97/0 ساعت و در روز دوم عمر زنبور پارازیتویید بود. همچنین بیشترین مقدار T/Th این زنبور پارازیتویید در روز دوم عمر و برابر 74/24 و در روز دوم عمر بدست آمد، سپس با افزایش عمر مقدار این پارامتر کاهش یافت. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد که دو گونه زنبور پارازیتویید A. matricariae و P. volucre می­توانند به عنوان عوامل کنترل بیولوژیک مؤثر در کاهش جمعیت شته A. gossypii روی گیاه خیار در گلخانه­ها در نظر گرفته شوند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Age-specific functional response of Aphidius matricariae and Praon volucre (Hym.: Braconidae) on Aphis gossypii (Hem.: Aphididae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Tazerouni 1
  • Ali Asghar Talebi 1
  • Yaghoub Fathipour 1
  • Mahmoud Soufbaf 2
1 Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran
2 Agricultural, Medical and Industrial Research School, P. O. Box 31485/498, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover is a major pest of greenhouse cucumber in the world. In this study, age specific functional response of Aphidius matricariae Haliday and Praon volucre (Haliday) were investigated on A. gossypii at 25±1°C, 60±5% RH and a photoperiod of 14 L: 10 D h. The results showed that the functional response of A. matricariae was type III during 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th days and type II in 6th day of adult parasitoid lifetime. The type of functional response of P. volucre was type II in whole parasitoid lifetime. The highest b value (0.02±0.003 h-1) and the lowest handling time (Th) (0.70±0.013 h) of A. matricariae were observed in the 1st day of parasitoid lifetime. The maximum attack rate (T/Th) of A. matricariae occurred in the first day of parasitoid lifetime (34.28 nymphs). The maximum searching efficiency of P. volucre was determined in the 2nd and 3rd days (0.03±0.003 and 0.03±0.005 h-1) and the minimum handling time was recorded in the 2nd day (0.97±0.140 h) of adult female life. The maximum parasitism rate was 24.74 nymphs in the two day old female, and then decreased in adult female age. The results suggest that A. matricariae and P. volucre are highly effective biological agents in suppressing A. gosspii population on cucumber in greenhouses. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Functional response
  • Aphis gossypii
  • Parasitoid
  • cucumber

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