ارزیابی عملکرد زنبور تک‌جنسی Trichogramma brassicae آلوده به باکتری Wolbachia در شرایط گلخانه و مزرعه

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، فارسی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات کنترل بیولوژیک، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 آزمایشگاه تحقیقات کنترل بیولوژیک آمل، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

10.52547/jesi.43.1.1

چکیده

برخی از گونه ‏های زنبور تریکوگراما، دارای نوعی همزیستی با باکتری Wolbachia هستندکه باعث القاء بکرماده ‏زایی در آنها می‏شود. جمعیت‌هایی از این زنبور پارازیتوئید تخم آفات که نتاج ماده بیشتری تولید می‌کنند، می‌توانند بالقوه از توان بالاتری برخوردار باشند. پس از شناسایی یک جمعیت بومی آلوده به باکتری ولباکیا در زنبور Trichogramma brassicae، بررسی‏ هایی به منظور ارزیابی توانایی‌های جمعیت تک‏جنسی آلوده به باکتری (A) در قیاس با جمعیت‌‏های دوجنسی طبیعی (B) و تغذیه شده با آنتی‏ بیوتیک (CB) این گونه در شرایط گلخانه و مزرعه انجام شد. مقایسه‎‏ قدرت پراکنش و پارازیتیسم جمعیت‏‏های تک‏ جنسی و دوجنسی طبیعی روی ذرت علوفه‌ای (SC704) در شرایط گلخانه نشان داد که از نظر میانگین تعداد تخم و دسته تخم پارازیته به ازاء یک زنبور ماده، تفاوت معنی‏ داری بین جمعیت‏‏ های مورد آزمایش وجود ندارد. اما با رهاسازی تعداد مساوی زنبور از هر جمعیت (100 عدد زنبور شامل افراد نر در جمعیت دوجنسی)، تعداد دسته تخم پارازیت شده توسط زنبور تک‏ جنسی (57/7 عدد) بیشتر از جمعیت‌های دوجنسی (50/4 و 97/4) برآورد شد. در شرایط مزرعه ذرت نیز با وجود معنی‏ دار نبودن تفاوت بین سه جمعیت مورد نظر، بیشترین تعداد دسته تخم و تخم‏ های پارازیت شده از رهاسازی زنبور ماده ‏زای تک‏ جنسی (A) به میزان 21/0±94/1 دسته تخم، 2/1±26/7 تخم پارازیته و در دو جمعیت دیگر (B و CB) به ترتیب 39/0±56/1، 99/1±46/5 و 31/0±6/1، 96/1±82/5 به دست آمد. در مجموع چنین نتیجه‌گیری می‎‏شود که استفاده از این لاین تک‏ جنسی زنبور T. brassicae، می‏تواند علاوه بر کاهش هزینه ‏های تولید، عملکرد این عامل کنترل بیولوژیک را در سطح مزرعه افزایش دهد.

چکیده تصویری

ارزیابی عملکرد زنبور تک‌جنسی Trichogramma brassicae آلوده به باکتری Wolbachia در شرایط گلخانه و مزرعه

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of asexual Wolbachia-infected Trichogramma brassicae performance in greenhouse and field conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahram Farrokhi 1
  • Hemmat Dadpour Moghanloo 2
  • Jalal Shirazi 1
  • Mohammadreza Attaran 2
1 Biological Control Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Biological Control Research Lab. Amol, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Oeganization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In some Trichogramma species, parthenogenesis is mostly induced by intracellular symbiotic Wolbachia bacteria. Populations of this egg parasitoid wasp that produce more female progeny can potentially have higher fitness. After finding a thelytokous Wolbachia-infected native strain of Trichogramma brassicae, a study was conducted to evaluate its parasitism rate and foraging efficiency in the greenhouse and field conditions. Treatments included a Wolbachia-associated thelytokous T. brassicae strain (A), an uninfected natural bisexual population (B), and an antibiotic-cured bisexual population (CB). Results of the equal female wasps’ releases revealed no significant difference among the three populations regarding their dispersal ability, mean parasitized eggs (PE) and parasitized bait cards (PBC) per female on forage corn (SC704) in greenhouse condition. However, when equal wasp individuals were released (e.g. 100 individual wasps including males in the bisexual populations), the number of mean parasitized egg batches by asexual line (7.57 PBC) was significantly higher compared with that in B and CB bisexual populations (4.50 and 4.97 PBC, respectively). Similarly, in the corn field condition, the highest number of parasitized bait cards and parasitized egg numbers belonged to asexual wasp (A) (1.94±0.21 PBC and 7.26±1.2 PE/female) compared with those in B (1.56±0.39 PBC and 5.46±1.99 PE/female), and CB (1.6±0.3 PBC and 5.82 ± 1.96 PE/female) bisexual populations. In general, it can be concluded that the use of an asexual Wolbachia- associated line of T. brassicae can increase the efficiency of this biological control agent at the field level in addition to reducing mass production costs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • thelytokous population
  • Trichogramma
  • Wolbachia bacteria
  • parasitism
  • corn

 © 2023 by Author(s), Published by the Entomological Society of Iran

This Work is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International Public License.

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