تاثیر رژیم‌های غذایی طبیعی و مصنوعی بر ویژگی‌های زیستی و تولیدمثلی کرم سیب Cydia pomonella (Lep.: Tortricidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، فارسی

نویسندگان

پژوهشکده کشاورزی هسته ای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته ای، کرج، ایران

10.52547/jesi.43.1.7

چکیده

استفاده از رژیم غذایی مصنوعی امکان پرورش بی­وقفه حشرات را به منظور انجام تحقیقات گسترده مدیریت کنترلی در تمام طول سال مهیا می­سازد. در پژوهش حاضر فراسنجه­های جدول زیستی کرم سیب Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) با تغذیه از شش رژیم غذایی مختلف در شرایط آزمایشگاه (1 ± 25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 60 درصد و دوره نوری 8: 16ساعت (روشنایی: تاریکی)) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. رژیم­های غذایی شامل 1) نسخه تغییر­یافته از رژیم Brinton et al. (1969)، 2 و 3) نسخه­های تغییریافته از رژیم Bathon (1981)، 4) رژیم Fukova et al. (2005)، 5) سیب و 6) برگ سیب بود. نتایج آزمایشات نشان داد دوره رشد و نمو C. pomonella به طور میانگین 17/51 روز با تغذیه از رژیم یک و 01/48 روز با تغذیه از رژیم شش به عنوان طولانی­ترین و کوتاه­ترین دوره رشدی بودند. طول دوره لاروی، طول دوره شفیرگی جنس نر، طول عمر حشرات کامل با تغذیه از رژیم­های غذایی مختلف، اختلاف معنی­داری را نشان داد. طولانی­ترین دوره پیش از تخم­ریزی (01/2 روز) و دوره تخم­ریزی (21/7 روز) به ترتیب با تغذیه از رژیم­های شش و پنج، حاصل شد. بیشترین و کمترین میانگین تعداد تخم گذاشته شده بالغین ماده، زمان تغذیه لاروها از رژیم­ چهار (2/141 تخم/ماده) و شش (3/91 تخم/ماده) بود. بالاترین شاخص رشدی کلیه مراحل زیستی با تغذیه از رژیم چهار بدست آمد. پارامترهای جمعیتی نشان داد که همه رژیم­های غذایی تحت شرایط مورد مطالعه، رشد مثبتی را نشان می­دهند ولی میانگین طول نسل (T) با تغذیه از رژیم چهار (14/46 روز) به طور معنی­داری کوتاهتر از سایر رژیم­ها بود. نتایج آزمون­های رشدی پیش از بلوغ و پس از آن، اشاره به این دارد که رژیم چهار، رژیم کارآمدتری است و نیز نتایج زادآوری نشان می­دهد این رژیم می­تواند در آینده نزدیک بهبود یابد و به عنوان جایگزینی برای رژیم غذایی اصلی لاروهای کرم سیب مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. 

چکیده تصویری

تاثیر رژیم‌های غذایی طبیعی و مصنوعی بر ویژگی‌های زیستی و تولیدمثلی کرم سیب Cydia pomonella (Lep.: Tortricidae)

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of natural and artificial diets on the biological and reproductive characteristics of Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Farsi
  • Mehrdad ََAhmadi
Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The use of artificial diet provides the possibility of continuous mass- rearing of insects throughout the year. In current research, life- table parameters of Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lep.: Tortricidae) on six different diets under laboratory condition (temperature 25 ± 1 °C, 60±5% RH, and 16:8 hours (light: dark) were investigated. Diets include 1) modified version of the diet of Brinton et al. (1969), 2 and 3) modified versions of the diet of Bathon (1981), 4) diet of Fukova et al. (2005), 5) apple, and 6) apple leaf. The results showed that development time of codling moth were longest (51.17 days) with diet one and shortest (48.01 days) with diet six, respectively. The results of the tests also showed that the larval duration, the pupal duration on male, and the adult longevity in both, female and male, had significant differences. The longest pre-oviposition (2.01d) and oviposition (7.21d) periods were found on diet six and five, respectively. The females that fed on diet four (141.2 egg/female) and six (91.3 egg/female) in the larval period produced the highest and lowest eggs, respectively. The highest growth index of all life stages of codling moth was obtained by feeding the diet four. The population parameters indicated that all diets will display growth under the studied conditions, being the mean generation time (T) significantly shorter when using diet four (46.14 days) than others. Based on the preadult and adult results pointing to diet four being a more efficient diet, as well as the fecundity values provided by this diet, suggest that diet four could be improved and used as an alternative to a natural diet shortly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Artificial diet
  • Cydia pomonella
  • Duration of life
  • oviposition periods
  • fecundity

 © 2023 by Author(s), Published by the Entomological Society of Iran

This Work is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International Public License

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