تغییرات فصلی نقطه انجماد و تحمل به سرما در لاروهای بید چغندر قندScrobipalpa ocellatella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) در کرج

نویسندگان

گروه حشره شناسی کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

بخشی از جمعیت بید چغندر قند Scrobipalpa ocellatella (Boyd) زمستان­های سخت را به­صورت لارو در بقایای چغندر و سایر پناهگاه­های مناسب سپری می­کند. به­منظور مطالعه توانایی زمستان­گذرانی این حشره، لاروهای سن آخر به­صورت ماهیانه از شهریور تا اسفند 1390 جمع­آوری شدند. تغییرات فصلی در شاخص­های سرماسختی (نقطه انجماد و دمای حداقل کشنده) بید چغندر قند مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. میانگین نقطه انجماد لاروهای بید چغندر قند جمع­آوری شده از مزرعه بین 99/0 ± 15- تا 92/0 ± 8/17- درجه سلسیوس در نوسان بود. به­علاوه حدود 50 درصد از لاروهای جمع­آوری شده در مهر ماه پس از 24 ساعت قرار گرفتن در دمای 12- درجه سلسیوس تلف شدند؛ این شاخص به­تدریج کاهش یافته و در بهمن ماه به صفر رسید. دمای حداقل کشنده برای 50 درصد افراد از 2/13- درجه سلسیوس در مهر ماه به 4/16- درجه سلسیوس در بهمن رسید. در تمام طول زمستان نقطه انجماد لاروهای زمستان­گذران در ماه­های مختلف اختلاف معنی­داری با هم نشان ندادند. این درحالی است که هم­زمان با کاهش تدریجی دمای هوا، تحمل بید چغندر قند نسبت به سرما افزایش می­یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Seasonal changes in supercooling point and cold tolerance in field collected larvae of the beet moth, Scrobipalpa ocellatella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Karaj, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Z. Ganji
  • S. Moharramipour
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box: 14115-336, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

A part of population of the beet moth, Scrobipalpa ocellatella (Boyd) in severe winter condition overwinters as larvae. In order to study overwintering potential ofthe pest, last instar larvae were collected monthly from September 2011 to March 2012. Seasonal changes in cold hardiness indices such as supercooling point (SCP) and lower lethal temperature of the beet moth were studied. The mean supercooling points of field collected larvae varied from –15.0 ± 0.99 to –17.8 ± 0.92 °C. Samples collected in October exhibited about 50% mortality, after 24 h exposure to -12 °C. It was gradually decrease until January (no mortality was observed) in January. Lethal temperature for 50% mortality (LT50) decreased from -13.2 ºC in October to -16.4 ºC in January. Supercooling points of overwintering larvae thorough the winter did not change significantly; while during the gradual decrease in ambient temperature, cold tolerance of S. ocellatella is progressively increased.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • beet moth
  • Scrobipalpa ocellatella
  • Seasonal changes
  • supercooling point
  • lower lethal temperature
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