غربال‌گری انبوه ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف برنج نسبت به کرم ساقه‌خوار نواری برنج،Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lep.: Pyralidae) در شرایط مزرعه

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل.

2 مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور در مازندران، آمل.

چکیده

در این تحقیق 98 ژنوتیپ داخلی و خارجی برنج از نظر مقاومت به کرم ساقه­خوار نواری برنج، Chilo suppressalis، در شرایط مزرعه­ای در مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج در مازندران-آمل غربال شدند. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار انجام شد. در مرحله­ی زایشی گیاه برنج از هر کرت 5 بوته به­طور تصادفی انتخاب و کف­بر شدند. سپس درصد خوشه­های
سفید شده، تعداد لارو بر بوته، ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه و تعداد ساقه در بوته اندازه­گیری شدند. براساس نتایج به­دست آمده،
 ژنوتیپ‌های Novator، Estrella، G2-Gan74، Rashtline-1، IR72860، با میانگین 6/1، 3/2، 7/2، 8/2 و 2/3 درصد خوشه­های سفید شده در گروه مقاوم و ژنوتیپ­هایIR72-B ، Iranian-New-Hybrid،Fars promising line،IR64MutantW  وC-IR50 با میانگین 5/43، 4/43، 6/37، 8/35 و 8/34 درصد، در گروه حساس‌ قرار گرفتند. همچنین، ژنوتیپ‌های Novator، Estrella،G2-Gan74 ، با میانگین 1/0، 1/0و 2/0 عدد لارو بر بوته و ژنوتیپ­های Chinese-hybrid-1،IR72-B ، Binam با میانگین 3/10، 7/9 و 9/8 عدد لارو به­ترتیب کمترین و بیشترین تعداد لارو درون ساقه را داشتند. کوتاه­ترین ارتفاع بوته، 4/74 سانتی­متر؛ کمترین تعداد ساقه،13/9 عدد؛ و کمترین قطر ساقه،44/4 میلی­متر به­ترتیب در ژنوتیپ­های Rashtline-1، Fars promising line، Iranian New-Hybrid و بیشترین مقادیر فوق 26/138سانتی­متر، 6/17 عدد و 72/12 میلی­متر به­ترتیب در ژنوتیپ­هایTarom-Arg2، Sahel و Dorfak مشاهده شد. بین درصد خوشه­های سفید شده با تعداد لارو بر بوته و بین درصد خوشه­های سفید شده با تعداد ساقه در
بوته همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری وجود داشت، ولی بین درصد خوشه­های سفید شده با ارتفاع بوته و درصد خوشه­های سفید شده با قطر ساقه همبستگی معنی­داری مشاهده نشد. ژنوتیپ­ها براساس تجزیه خوشه­ای به دو گروه اصلی و جمعاً چهار گروه
فرعی دسته‌بندی شدند. ژنوتیپ­هایی که از حساسیت کمتری برخوردار شدند. می‌توان Novator، Estrella، Rashtline-1 را ذکر نمود. هم­چنین در این بررسی 19 ژنوتیپ برنج ازجمله Novator، Estrella، MashhadDomsiah/Neda ،Rashtline-1، Shirodi، Nemat، G2-Gan74، IR64-Mutant-F3076، {(A78.1/LocalAbiji)/(khazar/Tarom)}مقاوم به کرم ساقه­خوار نواری شناسایی شدند که برخی از آن­ها برای مطالعات تکمیلی مورد استفاده قرار خواهند گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Mass screening of different rice genotypes to rice striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lep.: Pyralidae), under the field condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Amooghli-Tabari 1
  • G. Nouri-Ganbalani 1
  • S. A. A. Fathi 1
  • A. Moumeni 2
  • J. Razmjou 1
  • A. R. Nabipour 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2 Rice Research Institute of Iran, Km8 babol Rd. P. O. Box, 145, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this study, a total of 98 Iranian and exotic rice genotypes were tested for their resistance to the Striped Stem Borer, Chilo suppressalis, under field conditions in Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran branch, Amol. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete blocks design and three replications. At the reproductive stage, five whole plants per plot were randomly selected and cut off at the base, and percent of white head, number of larvae per hill, plant height, stem diameter, and tiller number per hill were measured. The rice genotypes Novator, G2-Gan74, Estrella, Rashtline-1, and IR72860, had the lowest amount of percent of white head, with means of 1.6%, 2.7%, 2.3%, 2.8%, and 3.2%, respectively, and the genotypes IR72-B, Iranian-New-Hybrid, Fars promising line, IR64-MutantW, IR50 had the highest amount of percent of white head with means of 43.5%, 43.4%, 37.6%, 35.8 %, and 34.8%, respectively. Moreover, genotypes Novator, Estrella and G2-Gan74 had the lowest mean larvae per a whole plant (0.1, 0.1 and 0.2, respectively), while genotypes Chinese-Hybrid1, IR72-B, and Binam had the highest mean larvae per a whole plant, with means of 10.3, 9.7, and 8.9, respectively. Rasht-Line-1 had the lowest mean plant height (74.4 cm), Fars promising line had the lowest mean number of tillers per hill (9.13), and Iranian New-Hybrid had the lowest mean stem diameter (4.44 mm). On the other hand, the Tarom-ARG2 genotypes had the highest mean plant height (138.26 cm), Sahel had the highest mean number of tillers per hill (17.6), and Dorfak had the highest mean stem diameter (12.72 mm).There were significant correlations between percent white head and the number of larvae per a whole plant, and between percent white head and number of tillers per hill, but there no significant correlations was found with plant height and stem diameter. The rice genotypes were grouped on Ward’s clustering procedure into two main clusters, totally four sub-cluster. The rice genotypes such as Novator, Estrella, Rashtline-1 were found to be less sensitive to Chilo suppressalis. Also, in this study, 19 rice genotypes including Novator, Estrella, G2-Gan74, Rashtline-1, Shirodi, Nemat, IR64-Mutant-F3076, MashhadDomsiah/Neda, {(A78.1/LocalAbiji)/(khazar/Tarom)} were recognized as resistant genotypes at field condition. Some of them can be tested in further experiments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chilo suppressalis
  • Field mass screening
  • rice
  • resistance
Abert, G. (1972) Rice striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker) as a new pest in Iran pest fuana. Journal of Plant Diseases and Pests 35, 1-14.[In Persian with English summary].
Amuwitagama, I. (2002) Analysis of pest management methods used for rice stem borer ( Scirpophaga incertulas ) in Srilanka based on the concept of sustainable development. Master thesis. Lund university. Available on http:// www.Lumes.Lu.Se.39 pp.
Anonymous. (2014) Increasing food security. Available on: http://www IRRI.org/our impact/increase-food-security. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines.
Anonymous. (2002) Standard evaluation system for Rice. International Rice Research Institute Bulletin, 56 pp.
Askarianzadeh, A., Moharramipour, S., Kamali, K. & Fathipour, Y. (2006) Evaluation of resistance to stem borers (Sesamia spp.) in some Sugarcane cultivars at tillering stage. Journal of Seed and Plant 22, 1, 117-128.
Dale, D. (1994) Insect pests of the rice plant; their biology and ecology: stem borers. pp. 388-408. In Heinrichs, E. A. (Ed.), Biology and Management of Rice Insects. Wiley Eastern Ltd, New Delhi.
Datta, S. K. (2004) Rice biotechnology: A need for developing countries. AgBioforum 7: 31-35.
Dilawari, V. K. & Dhaliwal, G. S. (1993) Host plant resistance to insects: Novel concepts. In: Dhaliwal, G. S. & Dilawari, V. K. editors. Advances in host plant resistance to insects. New Delhi. India. Kalyani, Publishers. 393-422 pp.
FAO. (2014) Available on http:// www. fao stat3.org.
Heinrichs, E. A., Medrano, F.G. & Rapusas H. R. (1985) Genetic evaluation for insect resistance in rice. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Laguana, Philippines. 356 pp.
Heinrichs, E. A. (1994) Biology and Management of Rice Insects.Wiley Eastern Ltd, New Delhi. 779 pp.
Hosseini, z., Babaeian Jelodar, N. Alinia, F. & Osko, T. (2011). Evaluation of resistance of Iranian rice (Oryza sativa) lines to the striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis. Journal of Plant Diseases and Pests. 78, 2, 131-152.
Hou, M., & Han, Y. (2010) Silicon-mediated rice plant resistance to the Asiatic Rice Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae): Effects of silicon amendment and rice varietal resistance, Journal of. Economic.Entomology 103: 1412-1419.
Khush, G. S., (1984) Breeding rice for resistance to insects. Protection Ecology 7, 147-165.
Mohankumar, S., Thiruvengadam, V., Samiayyan, K. & Shanmugasundaram ( 2003 ) Generation and screening of recombinant inbred lines of rice for yellow stem borer resistance. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 41, 346-351.
Nouri Ganbalani, G., Hosseini, M. & Yaghmaee F. (1996) Plant Resistance to Insects a Fundamental Approach. Fourth Ed. 262 pp. Mashhad University Press. [In Persian Translated].
Ntanos, D. A. & Koutroubas, S. D. (2000) Evaluation of rice for resistance to pink stem borer Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebre. Field Crops Research 66, 63-71.
Panda, N. & Khush, G. S. ( 1995) Host plant resistance to insects. Wallingford. United Kingdom. CABI, 431 pp.
Pathak, M. D., Andres, F., Galacgac, N. & Raros, R. (1971) Varietal resistance to Chilo suppressalis (Walker). International Rice Research Institute. 69 pp.
Pathak, M. D. & Khan, Z. R. (1994) Insect pests of rice. Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. 89 pp.
Saeb, H., Nouri Ganbalani, G. & Rajabi, G. (1999) Investigation on Guilan rice varietal resistance to striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker). PhD Thesis. Azad Isalmic University, Research & Science Unit. 145 pp.
Saeb, H., Nouri Ganbalani, G. & Rajabi, G. (2002) Comparison of the resistance of some rice genotypes of Guilan province to the striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker) and investing the role of silica in resistance. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 7,4, 17-25.[In Persian with English Summary].
Sarwar, M. (2012) Study on the non aromatic rice Oryza sativa L. varietal resistance to rice stem borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and yield factors. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production 3, 159-163.
SAS Institute. (2001) SAS/STAT user,s guide, version 9.1. Statistical Analysis System Institute, Electronic version, Cary, NC. USA.
Sheng, C. F., Wang, H. T. & Sheng, S. Y. (2003) Pest status and loss assessment of crop damage caused by the rice borers, Chilosuppressalis (Walker) and Tryporyza incertulas (Walker) in China. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology. 40, 289-294.
Singh, R. A., Singh, R. B. & Singh, G. (2005) Drought- induced shifting of stem borer species in shallow deepwater rice. International Rice Research Note, 30, 2, 24.
Smith C. M. (2005) Plant Resistance to Arthropods: Springer, The Netherlands, 413 pp.
Sunio, L. M. & Cohen, M. B. (2000) Field screening of stem borer resistance in new plant type lines. International Rice Research Note, 25, 3, 25-27.
Taneja, S. L. & Leuschner, K. (1985) Methods of rearing, infestation and evaluation for Chilopartellus resistance in sorghum. pp 175-188 In Proceeding of International Symposium on Sorghum Entomology, 15-21 July 1984, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics.
Usha, R., Rajendran, B. R. & Surash, K. (2006) Use of resistant varieties and organic nutrients to manage yellow stem borer in rice. International Rice Research Note, 31, 2, 39-41.