مدل پارازیتیسم وابسته به دما Trissolcus grandis Thompson (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسنده

بخش تحقیقات سن، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، تهران، ایران

10.61186/jesi.43.2.1

چکیده

زنبور Trissolcus grandis، پارازیتویید بومی تخم سن گندم در ایران بوده و با اینکه عامل کنترل بیولوژیک سن گندم Eurygaster integriceps است، اما ویژگی‌های اکولوژیک آن کاملا روشن نشده است. بنابراین هدف این مطالعه، توسعه مدل پارازیتیسم T. grandis بر روی تخم میزبان آن بود. برای دستیابی به داده‌های لازم برای این مدل، طول عمر و بقاء حشرات ماده T. grandis و ظرفیت پارازیتیسم آن در 9 دما (15، 5/17، 20، 25، 5/27، 30، 5/32، 35 و 5/37 ± 5/0درجه سلسیوس)، رطوبت 5±65 درصد و طول دوره 16 ساعت روشنایی و8 ساعت تاریکی مطالعه شد. طول عمر (میانگین±خطای معیار) با افزایش دما کاهش یافت و بلندترین طول عمر در دمای 15 درجه سلسیوس (86/3±18/73 روز) و کوتاه‌ترین در دمای 35 درجه سلسیوس (48/0±98/18 روز) بود. نرخ رشد حشرات بالغ (1/میانگین طول عمر) بخوبی با مدل تغییریافته شارپ-دومیشل در دامنه دمای مورد مطالعه برازش یافت (994/0r2 =) و از آن برای محاسبه سن فیزیولوژیک استفاده شد. میانگین تعداد کل تخم‌های میزبان پارازیته شده به ازای هر ماده (میانگین±خطای معیار) در دمای 5/17 درجه سلسیوس، بیشترین (21/3±84/275 تخم میزبان) و در دمای 15 درجه سلسیوس، کمترین (221/3±06/25 تخم میزبان) میزان را داشت. پارازیتیسم کل وابسته به دما با تابع  extreme value برازش یافت (934/0 r2 =). نرخ پارازیتیسم تجمعی ویژه سنی بخوبی با تابع دوپارامتری میبول توصیف شد (967/0 r2 =). نرخ بقاء ویژه سنی نیز بخوبی با مدل سیگموییدی برازش یافت (979/0 r2 =). انتظار می‌رود که مدل‌های برازش یافته و پارامترهای آن‌ها برای توسعه مدل جمعیتی T. grandis و درک بهتر از استراتژی پارازیتیسم آن مفید باشند.

چکیده تصویری

مدل پارازیتیسم وابسته به دما Trissolcus grandis Thompson (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Temperature-dependent parasitism model of Trissolcus grandis Thompson (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)

نویسنده [English]

  • Masoud Amir Maafi
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract. Trissolcus grandis Thompson (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), a native Sunn pest egg parasitoid in Iran, has the potential as a biological control agent for sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Het.: Scutelleridae). However, its ecological characteristics have remained unclear. Thus, this study aimed to develop a parasitism model of T. grandis with sunn pest egg as host. In order to obtain the data for the model, the longevity, survivorship and parasitism capacity of the adult female T. grandis were examined at nine constant temperatures (15, 17.5, 20, 25, 27.5, 30, 32.5, 35, and 37.5±0.5 °C), relative humidity 65 ± 5 % RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. Longevity (mean±SE) decreased as temperature increased and was the longest at 15°C (73.18±3.86 days) and the shortest at 35°C (18.98±0.48 days). A modified model of Sharp-DeMichele well described adult developmental rate (1/mean longevity) in the range of studied temperatures (r2 = 0.994) and was used to calculate the physiological age. The mean total host eggs parasitized/female (mean±SE) was greatest at 17.5°C (275.84 ± 3.21 host eggs) and lowest at 15°C (25.06 ± 3.221 host eggs). The temperature-dependent total parasitism, the age-specific cumulative parasitism rate, and the age-specific survival rate were best described by an extreme value function (r2 = 0.934), the two-parameter Weibull function (r2 = 0.967), and a sigmoid function (r2 = 0.979), respectively. I anticipate that the fitted models and parameters may be useful in developing a population model for T. grandis and lead to a better understanding of its parasitism strategy.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Trissolcus grandis
  • Eurygaster integriceps
  • egg parasitoid
  • parasitism model
  • temperature

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