Age-specific oviposition behavior of Trichogramma brassicae on Ephestia kuehniella under laboratory conditions

Document Type : Paper, English

Authors

Department of Plant Protection, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

10.52547/jesi.42.1.4

Abstract

Biological characteristics especially oviposition behavior of parasitoids are one of the most important factors to determine their efficiency to suppress a pest population. In this study, age-specific oviposition pattern, parasitism rate, hatch rate, and sex ratio of Trichogramma brassicae on Ephestia kuehniella were evaluated at temperature of 25±1ºC, 70±5% relative humidity and a 16 h light: 8 h dark photoperiod. The results showed that younger T. brassicae (1st-4th days) moved throughout the cardboard and often parasitized eggs which placed in the central part, but female parasitoid of T. brassicae moved straight on cardboard and parasitized closer eggs in the end days of life (5th and 6th days). The maximum daily parasitized eggs by T. brassicae was 13.03±0.56 at the beginning of its oviposition period. Then, it decreased significantly with adult female age. The female age influenced hatch rate (%) of T. brassicae eggs. Its values were ranged from 95.07±0.82% (1st day of oviposition period) to 42.78±6.43% (6th day of oviposition period) in different days of adult female age. The highest values for sex ratio were estimated to be in the first 3 days of adult female life. The female-biased sex ratio decreased significantly with increasing adult female age. For efficient mass rearing of T. brassiace on E. kuehniella, parasitoids should not be kept more than three days in cultures because the progeny becomes male-biased and parasitism rate decreased significantly after 3rd days. Results of this study show good potential of T. brassicae and it suggest for mass rearing and to use in augmentative biological control program.

Graphical Abstract

Age-specific oviposition behavior of Trichogramma brassicae on Ephestia kuehniella under laboratory conditions

Keywords

Main Subjects

©2022 by Author(s), Published by Entomological Society of Iran
This Work is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International Public License

References

Ahmed, S. A. (2008) Oviposition behavior and progeny production of Trichogramma evanescens (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in patches of single and clustered host eggs. Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences 1(2), 197-204.
Babendreier, D., Kuske, S. & Bigler, F. (2003) Non-target host acceptance and parasitism by Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in the laboratory. Biological Control 26, 128–138.
Babendreier, D., Rostas, M., Höfte, M., Kuske, S. & Bigler, F. (2003) Effects of mass releases of Trichogramma brassicae on predatory insects in maize. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 108, 115-124.
Berndt, L. A. & Wratten, S. D. (2005) Effects of alyssum flowers on the longevity, fecundity, and sex ratio of the leafroller parasitoid Dolichogenidea tasmanica. Biological Control 32, 65–9.
Chow, A. & Heinz, K. M. (2005) Using hosts of mixed sizes to reduce male-biased sex ratio in the parasitoid wasp, Diglyphus isaea. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 117, 193–9.­
Colazza, S., Peri, E., Salerno, G., & Conti, E. (2010) Host searching by egg parasitoids: exploitation of host chemical cues. In: Cônsoli, F. L., Parra, J. R. P. & Zucchi, R. A. (Eds.) Egg parasitoids in agroecosystems with emphasis on Trichogramma (pp. 97–147). Dordrecht, NL: Springer.
Ebrahimi, E., Pintureau, B. & Shojai, M. (1998) Morphological and enzymatic study of the genus Trichogramma in Iran (Hym. Trichogrammatidae). Applied Entomology and Phytopathology 66, 122-141.
Ebrahimi, E., Pintureau, B., & Shojai, M. (1999). Morphological and enzymatic study of the genus Trichogramma Westwood in Iran. PhD thesis. Tarbiat Modares University. Tehran, Iran. 148 pp.
Garcia, P. V., Wajnberg, E., Oliveira, M. L. M., Tavares, J. (2001) Is the parasitization capacity of Trichogramma cordubensis influenced by the age of females? Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 98, 219-224.
Jafari, M., Saber, M., Gharekhani, G. H. & Bagheri, M. (2015) Sublethal effects of methoxyfenozide and emamectin benzoate on Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Agricultural Pest Management 2(1), 12-20.
Kivan, M. & Kilic, N. (2006) Age-specific fecundity and life table of Trissolcus semistriatus, an egg parasitoid of the sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps. Entomological Science 9, 39–46.
Mansfield, S., & Mills, N. J. (2002) Host egg characteristics, physiological host range, and parasitism following inundative releases of Trichogramma platneri (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in walnut orchards. Environmental Entomology 31, 723–731.
Mawela, K. V., Kfir, R. & Kruger, K. (2021) Age-related reproductive biology of Trichogrammatoidea lutea on eggs of the African bollworm Helicoverpa armigera. Bulletin of Insectology 74 (1), 123-128.
Mills, N. J & Kuhlmann, U. (2000) The relationship between egg load and fecundity among Trichogramma parasitoids. Ecological Entomology 25, 315-324.
Mills, N. J. & Kuhlmann, U. (2004) Oviposition behavior of Trichogramma platneri Nagarkatti and Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in patches of single and clustered host eggs. Biological Control 30, 42–51.
Nikbin, R., Sahragard, A. & Hosseini, M. (2014) Age-specific functional response of Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) parasitizing different egg densities of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 16, 1205–1216.
Ode, P. & Hardy, I. C. W. (2008) Parasitoid sex ratios and biological control. In: Behavioral Ecology of Insect Parasitoids: From Theoretical Approaches to Field Applications. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. pp: 253-291. 
Orr, D. B., Garcia-Salazar, C. & Landis, D. A. (2000) Trichogramma non target impacts: A method for biological control risk assessment. In: Follett, P. A. & Duan, J. J. (Eds.) Nontarget Effects of Biological Control. (pp.111-125). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Pak, G. A., Berkhout, H. & Klapwijk, J. (1990) Does Trichogramma look for hosts? In: Trichogramma and other egg parasitoids. Colloques de l’INRA 56, 77-80.
Parra, J. R. P. (2014). Biological control in Brazil: an overview. Scientia Agricola 715, 420-429.
Perera, M. C. D., Hemachandra, K. S. & Sirisena, U. G. A. I. (2015) Trichogrammatoidea bactrae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae): a potential biocontrol agent of rice leaf folder. Tropical Agricultural Research 26, 537-546.
Poorjavad, N., Godansaz, S. H., Machtelinckx, T., Tirry, R. S. & van Leeuwen, T. (2012) Iranian Trichogramma: ITS2 DNA characterization and natural Wolbachia infection. BioControl 57, 361-374.
Pourarian, S., Shirazi, J. & Rasipour, A. (2017) An investigation on the biology and efficiency of Trichogramma spp. on the egg of Pieris rapae under laboratory conditions. Biocontrol in Plant Protection 4(2), 39-53.
Queiroz, A. P. D., Costa, C. O., Favetti, B. M., Silva, G. V. & Bueno, A. F. (2020) Effects of parasitoid and host age on the parasitism of Trichogramma pretiosum on eggs of Anticarsia gemmatalis. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 64 (2), 1-5.
Rivero, A. & West, S. A. (2005) The costs and benefits of host feeding in parasitoids. Animal Behaviour 69, 1293-1301.
Shojai, M., Tirgari, S. & Nasrollahi, A. (1988) Primary report on the occurrence of Trichogramma. In: Trichogramma and other egg parasites. Les Colloques de I’INRA 43, 121.
Smith, S. M. (1996) Biological control with Trichogramma advances, success, and potential of their use. Annual Review of Entomology 41 (1), 375-406.
SPSS. (2009) SPSS base 18.0 users guide. Chicago, IL: SPSS.
Steidle, J. L. M., Rees, D. & Wright, E. J. (2001) Assessment of australian Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) as control of stored products moths. Journal of Stored Products Research 37, 263-275.
Tazerouni Z., Talebi A. A., Fathipour Y. & Soufbaf, M. (2016) Age-specific functional response of Aphidius matricariae and Praon volucre (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Neotropical Entomology 45, 642-651.
van Lenteren, J. C. & Bueno, V. H. P. (2003) Augmentative biological control of arthropods in Latin America. BioControl 48, 123-139.
Wu, L. H., Hill, M. P., Thomson, L. J. & Hoffmann, A. A. (2018) Assessing the current and future biological control potential of Trichogramma ostriniae on its hosts Ostrinia furnacalis and Ostrinia nubilalis. Pest Management Science 74, 1513–1523.
Yan, Zh., Yue, J. & Yang, Ch. (2020) Potential use of Trichogramma pintoi as a biocontrol agent against Heortia vitessoides (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 113(2), 654–659.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics