Life history and digestive protease and amylase activity of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on different green gram cultivars

Naseri, Bahram; Ebadi, Aryan; Rezaei, Zahra

doi:10.22117/jesi.2024.366726.1648

Life history and digestive protease and amylase activity of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on different green gram cultivars

Articles in Press

Document Type : Paper, Persian

Authors

¹ Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

² Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

10.22117/jesi.2024.366726.1648

Abstract

The cowpea weevil,Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is one of the important pests of stored legume grains in Iran and many countries of the world. Investigation of resistance status of legume grains to C. maculatus infestation can be helpful in minimizing its severe damage. In this research, we studied the resistance of five green gram cultivars (Sekhavat, Zarbakhsh, Parto, Uzbek, and Afghan) to C. maculatus using its life history parameters and digestive protease and amylase activity at 28 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% relative humidity, and 24 h darkness. After oviposition of adult weevils, green gram seeds containing one egg were individually transferred to 6 cm Petri dishes, and the pre-adult period, the survival percentage of immature individuals, fecundity and longevity of male and female insects on each cultivar were investigated. The results obtained from the life history and life table parameters of the insect were analyzed by age-stage, two-sex method. According to obtained results, there was no significant difference in the percentage of survival and the length of the immature stages on different cultivars of green gram. Among the examined cultivars, the fecundity of female weevils on cultivar Partov (69.21 eggs) was lower than on other tested cultivars. The longest oviposition period was obtained on cultivar Zarbakhsh (5.33 days) and the shortest on cultivar Uzbek (4.54 days). However, the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of population increase (r) and finite rate of population increase (λ) were not significantly different on five cultivars of green gram. The amylolytic and proteolytic activities of fourth instar larvae were lowest on cultivar Sekhavat. According to the findings of the present study, no difference was found in the susceptibility and resistance of the studied green gram cultivars to the cowpea weevil.

Graphical Abstract