وضعیت زمستان‌گذرانی لاروهای دیاپوزی کرم گلوگاه انار در داخل غذا

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، دانشکده کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

دماهای پایین فصل زمستان چالش‌های زیادی را برای حشراتی که در مناطق معتدل زندگی می‌کنند ایجاد می‌کند. دیاپوز و سرماسختی دو استراتژی رایج برای تضمین بقا در حشرات است. با وجود این‌که دیاپوز مزایای بسیاری دارد، مرحله‌ای پر‌هزینه است، زیرا حشره با شوک‌های ناشی از سرما و کاهش ذخایر مواجه است. کرم گلوگاه انار،Apomyelois  ceratoniae (Zeller) ، آفت کلیدی باغ‌های انار است که به­ صورت لاروهای سنین مختلف زمستان‌گذرانی می‌کند. لاروهای سنین پایین ذخیره انرژی کم­تری دارند، براین اساس تصور می‌شود که سرماسختی آن‌ها نسبت به لاروهای بزرگ کم­تر باشد. با انجام آزمایش‌های الگوبرداری ‌شده از شرایط طبیعی در آذر ماه، مشخص شد که زمستان‌گذرانی داخل انار به ­عنوان منبع تغذیه، شرایط را برای جبران کاهش ذخایر انرژی مهیا می‌سازد. هم­چنین بررسی‌ها نشان داد، نقطه انجماد و سرماسختی در لاروهای کوچک و بزرگ یکسان است و دینامیسم جمعیت این آفت نمی­تواند تحت تأثیر مرگ ­و میر در فصل زمستان باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Overwintering inside the food in the diapausing larvae of pomegranate fruit moth

نویسندگان [English]

  • B. Ahmadi
  • S. Moharramipour
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box: 14115-336, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Low temperatures are a major survival challenge for insects living in temperate zones. The most common features that guaranty survival in the most overwintering insects are diapause and cold hardiness. In spite of obvious advantages, damages due to diapause associated stresses such as cold shock and depletion of energy reserves make diapause a costly life history strategy. Apomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller), a major pest of pomegranate in Iran, overwinters as different larval instars. In comparison to larger counterparts, early instars of pomegranate fruit moth
must have sequestered fewer energy reserves, thus they might be less tolerant to cold. By designing experiments similar to natural conditions in December, we demonstrated that overwintering inside pomegranate fruits provides opportunity for larvae to feed and compensates energy depletion. Our results also indicated that there is no significant difference between supercooling point and cold tolerance of the small and the large field collected larvae during autumn and winter, thus overwintering mortality might not be a key driver in population dynamics.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Key words: cold tolerance
  • supercooling point
  • Apomyelois ceratoniae
  • overwintering
  • diapauses

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