غربال‌گری انبوه ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف برنج نسبت به کرم ساقه‌خوار نواری برنج،Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lep.: Pyralidae) در شرایط مزرعه

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل.

2 مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور در مازندران، آمل.

چکیده

در این تحقیق 98 ژنوتیپ داخلی و خارجی برنج از نظر مقاومت به کرم ساقه­خوار نواری برنج، Chilo suppressalis، در شرایط مزرعه­ای در مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج در مازندران-آمل غربال شدند. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار انجام شد. در مرحله­ی زایشی گیاه برنج از هر کرت 5 بوته به­طور تصادفی انتخاب و کف­بر شدند. سپس درصد خوشه­های
سفید شده، تعداد لارو بر بوته، ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه و تعداد ساقه در بوته اندازه­گیری شدند. براساس نتایج به­دست آمده،
 ژنوتیپ‌های Novator، Estrella، G2-Gan74، Rashtline-1، IR72860، با میانگین 6/1، 3/2، 7/2، 8/2 و 2/3 درصد خوشه­های سفید شده در گروه مقاوم و ژنوتیپ­هایIR72-B ، Iranian-New-Hybrid،Fars promising line،IR64MutantW  وC-IR50 با میانگین 5/43، 4/43، 6/37، 8/35 و 8/34 درصد، در گروه حساس‌ قرار گرفتند. همچنین، ژنوتیپ‌های Novator، Estrella،G2-Gan74 ، با میانگین 1/0، 1/0و 2/0 عدد لارو بر بوته و ژنوتیپ­های Chinese-hybrid-1،IR72-B ، Binam با میانگین 3/10، 7/9 و 9/8 عدد لارو به­ترتیب کمترین و بیشترین تعداد لارو درون ساقه را داشتند. کوتاه­ترین ارتفاع بوته، 4/74 سانتی­متر؛ کمترین تعداد ساقه،13/9 عدد؛ و کمترین قطر ساقه،44/4 میلی­متر به­ترتیب در ژنوتیپ­های Rashtline-1، Fars promising line، Iranian New-Hybrid و بیشترین مقادیر فوق 26/138سانتی­متر، 6/17 عدد و 72/12 میلی­متر به­ترتیب در ژنوتیپ­هایTarom-Arg2، Sahel و Dorfak مشاهده شد. بین درصد خوشه­های سفید شده با تعداد لارو بر بوته و بین درصد خوشه­های سفید شده با تعداد ساقه در
بوته همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری وجود داشت، ولی بین درصد خوشه­های سفید شده با ارتفاع بوته و درصد خوشه­های سفید شده با قطر ساقه همبستگی معنی­داری مشاهده نشد. ژنوتیپ­ها براساس تجزیه خوشه­ای به دو گروه اصلی و جمعاً چهار گروه
فرعی دسته‌بندی شدند. ژنوتیپ­هایی که از حساسیت کمتری برخوردار شدند. می‌توان Novator، Estrella، Rashtline-1 را ذکر نمود. هم­چنین در این بررسی 19 ژنوتیپ برنج ازجمله Novator، Estrella، MashhadDomsiah/Neda ،Rashtline-1، Shirodi، Nemat، G2-Gan74، IR64-Mutant-F3076، {(A78.1/LocalAbiji)/(khazar/Tarom)}مقاوم به کرم ساقه­خوار نواری شناسایی شدند که برخی از آن­ها برای مطالعات تکمیلی مورد استفاده قرار خواهند گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mass screening of different rice genotypes to rice striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lep.: Pyralidae), under the field condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Amooghli-Tabari 1
  • G. Nouri-Ganbalani 1
  • S. A. A. Fathi 1
  • A. Moumeni 2
  • J. Razmjou 1
  • A. R. Nabipour 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2 Rice Research Institute of Iran, Km8 babol Rd. P. O. Box, 145, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this study, a total of 98 Iranian and exotic rice genotypes were tested for their resistance to the Striped Stem Borer, Chilo suppressalis, under field conditions in Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran branch, Amol. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete blocks design and three replications. At the reproductive stage, five whole plants per plot were randomly selected and cut off at the base, and percent of white head, number of larvae per hill, plant height, stem diameter, and tiller number per hill were measured. The rice genotypes Novator, G2-Gan74, Estrella, Rashtline-1, and IR72860, had the lowest amount of percent of white head, with means of 1.6%, 2.7%, 2.3%, 2.8%, and 3.2%, respectively, and the genotypes IR72-B, Iranian-New-Hybrid, Fars promising line, IR64-MutantW, IR50 had the highest amount of percent of white head with means of 43.5%, 43.4%, 37.6%, 35.8 %, and 34.8%, respectively. Moreover, genotypes Novator, Estrella and G2-Gan74 had the lowest mean larvae per a whole plant (0.1, 0.1 and 0.2, respectively), while genotypes Chinese-Hybrid1, IR72-B, and Binam had the highest mean larvae per a whole plant, with means of 10.3, 9.7, and 8.9, respectively. Rasht-Line-1 had the lowest mean plant height (74.4 cm), Fars promising line had the lowest mean number of tillers per hill (9.13), and Iranian New-Hybrid had the lowest mean stem diameter (4.44 mm). On the other hand, the Tarom-ARG2 genotypes had the highest mean plant height (138.26 cm), Sahel had the highest mean number of tillers per hill (17.6), and Dorfak had the highest mean stem diameter (12.72 mm).There were significant correlations between percent white head and the number of larvae per a whole plant, and between percent white head and number of tillers per hill, but there no significant correlations was found with plant height and stem diameter. The rice genotypes were grouped on Ward’s clustering procedure into two main clusters, totally four sub-cluster. The rice genotypes such as Novator, Estrella, Rashtline-1 were found to be less sensitive to Chilo suppressalis. Also, in this study, 19 rice genotypes including Novator, Estrella, G2-Gan74, Rashtline-1, Shirodi, Nemat, IR64-Mutant-F3076, MashhadDomsiah/Neda, {(A78.1/LocalAbiji)/(khazar/Tarom)} were recognized as resistant genotypes at field condition. Some of them can be tested in further experiments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chilo suppressalis
  • Field mass screening
  • rice
  • resistance

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نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران
دوره 35، شماره 2
تیر 1394
صفحه 49-61

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