دوره‌های رشدی کفشدوزک (Oenopia conglobata contaminata (Col.: Coccinellidae با تغذیه از تخم بید غلات Sitotroga cerealella و تخم بـید آرد Ephestia kuehniella در دماهای ثابت

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر رفسنجان (عج)،

2 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی.

چکیده

کفشدوزک Oenopia conglobata contaminata (Menteries) یکی از مهم­ترین شکارگران آفات در باغ­های میوه ایران است. در این پژوهش برخی ویژگی­های زیستی این کفشدوزک با تغذیه از تخم بید غلات، Sitotroga cerealella Olivier و تخم پروانه بید آرد، Ephestia kuehniella Zeller در 5 دمای ثابت، 1 ± 5/22، 1 ± 25، 1 ± 5/27، 1 ± 30 و 1 ± 5/32 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 55 درصد و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی مقایسه شد. کل دوره رشد برای کفشدوزک در دماهای بالا به­ترتیب 17/0 ± 83/28، 37/0± 52/24، 21/0 ± 39/21، 16/0 ± 92/17 و 29/0± 22/18 روز با تغذیه از تخم بید غلات و 38/0± 27، 14/0± 22/23، 28/0± 57/19، 17/0± 14/16 و 05/0± 33/16 روز با تغذیه از تخم بید آرد بود. آستانه پایین رشد برای دوره تخم، لارو، شفیره و کل دوره رشد با تغذیه از تخم بید آرد به­ترتیب 02/15، 6/8، 48/7 و 55/8 درجه سلسیوس به­دست آمد و ثابت گرمایی برای مراحل بالا به­ترتیب 16/38، 22/222، 9/71 و 37/370 روز درجه و آستانه پایین رشد با تغذیه از تخم بید غلات به‌ترتیب 79/13، 6/5، 82/5 و 54/6 درجه سلسیوس و ثابت گرمایی برای مراحل بالا به­ترتیب 15/41، 77/277، 7/91 و 54/454 روز درجه برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین طول دوره رشدی در دماهای مختلف اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود دارد اما برای هر میزبان به‌طور جداگانه بین دمای 30 و 5/32 درجه سلسیوس اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود ندارد. بر پایه نتایج این پژوهش بید آرد برای پرورش این کفشدوزک میزبان مناسب‌تری می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Developmental periods of Oenopia conglobata contaminata (Col.: Coccinellidae) reared on eggs of Sitotroga cerealella (Lep.: Gelechiidae) and Ephestia kuehniella (Lep.: Pyralidae) at constant temperatures

نویسندگان [English]

  • B. Mokhtari 1
  • M. A. Samih 1
  • K. Mahdian 1
  • Mohammad Reza Bagheri 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran.
2 Department of Plant Protection Research, Isfahan Center for Research and Education for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran.
چکیده [English]

The coccinellid Oenopia conglobata contaminata (Menteries) is one of the most important predators of orchard pests in Iran. The effect of eggs of Sitotroga cereallela Olivier (Lep.: Gelechiidae) and Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lep.: Pyralidae) on development and survival of this beetle was studied and compared under laboratory conditions (five constant temperatures i.e., 22.5 ± 1, 25 ± 1, 27.5 ± 1, 30 ± 1 and 32.5 ± 1 °C 55 ± 5% relative humidity (R. H.) and a 16:8 h light: dark photoperiod). Total developmental time at the above-mentioned temperatures were 28.83 ± 0.17, 24.52 ± 0.37, 21,39 ± 0.21 17.92 ± 0.16 and 18.22 ± 0.29 days on S. cereallelaand27 ± 0.38, 23.32 ± 0.14, 19.57 ± 0.28, 16.14 ± 0.17 and 16.33 ± 0.05 days on E. kuehniella. The lower developmental thresholds (T0) of egg, larva, pupa and egg to adult on E. kuehniella were estimated15.02, 8.6, 7.48 and 8.55 ºC and the thermal constant for these periods calculated as 38.16, 222.22, 71.9 and 370.37 DD. The lower developmental thresholds on S. cereallela were found to be 13.79, 5.6, 5.82 and 6.54 ºC andthermal constant for the mentioned periods were 41.15, 277.77, 91.7, 454.54 DD, respectively. Although significant differences between developmental times at different temperatures exist, no significant differences was observed between 30 and 32.5 °C for two prey species. The results suggest that E. kuehniella serves as a more effective host than S. cereallela for rearing of coccinellid O. conglobata.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • biology
  • Oenopia conglobata
  • Ephestia kueniella
  • Sitotroga cereallela

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نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران
دوره 35، شماره 3
مهر 1394
صفحه 15-27

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