پارازیتسیم وابسته به دما در زنبور پارازیتوئید (Trichogramma brassicae (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae، مدل‌سازی نرخ متناهی پارازیتیسم

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران، کد پستی: 74831-75918.

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر نرخ پارازیتیسم زنبور پارازیتوئیدBezdenko  Trichogramma brassicaeدر شش دمای ثابت 15، 20، 25، 30، 32 و 1 ± 35 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 65 درصد و دوره روشنایی 16 ساعت روی تخم­های شب‌پره بید غلات Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. براساس نتایج به­دست آمده، پارامترهای پارازیتیسم زنبور T. brassicae به­طور معنی­داری تحت تأثیر دما قرار گرفت. بیشترین (257/40 میزبان) و کمترین (731/3 میزبان) مقادیر نرخ خالص پارازیتیسم (C0) به­ترتیب در دماهای 32 و 15 درجه سلسیوس به­دست آمد. مقادیر محاسبه شده­ نرخ تبدیل جمعیت میزبان به نتاج پارازیتوئید (Qp) در تمامی دماهای مورد مطالعه برابر با 1 بود. با افزایش دما از 15 به 30 درجه سلسیوس، مقادیر نرخ پایدار پارازیتیسم (ψ) از 074/0 به 451/0 (میزبان/پارازیتوئید) افزایش یافت. مقادیر محاسبه شده پارامتر مذکور در دماهای 32 و 35 درجه سلسیوس به­طور معنی­داری کاهش یافت. بیشترین مقدار نرخ متناهی پارازیتیسم (ω) نیز در دمای 30 درجه سلسیوس ثبت شد (654/0 بر روز). علاوه بر این، آستانه­های دمایی مورد نیاز برای نرخ متناهی پارازیتیسم زنبور T. brassicae با استفاده از مدل­های غیرخطی Briere-1 و Lactin-2 برآورد شد. مدل Lactin-2 برازش مناسب‌تری با داده­های مورد مطالعه داشت (SSE = 0.004833, R2adj = 0.977,
AIC = -38.7438). مقادیر محاسبه شده آستانه دمایی پایین (Tmin)، دمای بهینه (Topt) و آستانه دمایی بالا (Tmax) برای فعالیت پارازیتیسم این دشمن طبیعی به­ترتیب برابر با 20/13، 20/31 و 40/35 درجه سلسیوس برآورد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Temperature-dependent parasitism in Trichogramma brassicae (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae), modeling finite parasitism rate

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Negahban
  • A. Sedaratian-Jahromi
  • M. Ghane-Jahromi
  • M. Haghani
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran, P. O. Box: 75918-74831.
چکیده [English]

 
Parasitism rate of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko at laboratory conditions with six constant temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30, 32 and 35 ± 1 °C, relative humidity of 65 ± 5% and a light period of 16 h. was evaluated on the eggs of gelechiid moth Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier). Parasitism rate of T. brassicae was significantly affected by different temperatures. The highest (40.257 hosts) and the lowest (3.731 hosts) values of net parasitism rate (C0) was obtained at 32 and 15 °C, respectively. The transformation rate of host population to parasitoid offspring (Qp) was equal to 1 at all temperatures. The values of stable parasitism rate (ψ) increased from 0.074 to 0.451 (host/parasitoid) with increasing temperature from 15 to 30 °C, but the values for this parameter at 32 and 35 °C significantly decreased. The highest recorded value for finite parasitism rate (ω) was obtained at 30 °C (0.654 day-1). The temperature thresholds for finite parasitism rate of T. brassicae were estimated by nonlinear models of Briere-1 and Lactin-2. The Lactin-2 better fitted the related data (SSE = 0.004833, R2adj = 0.977, AIC = -38.7438). The obtained values for the lower temperature threshold (Tmin), optimum temperature (Topt) and upper temperature threshold (Tmax) of parasitism activity of this parasitoid were 13.20, 31.20 and 35.40 °C, respectively.

 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • biological control
  • Parasitism rate
  • Temperature thresholds
  • Trichogramma
  • modeling

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نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران
دوره 36، شماره 1
فروردین 1395
صفحه 13-27

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