تنوع زیستی زنبور‌های پارازیتوئید خانواده (Hym.: Ichneumonoidea) Braconidae در منطقه سیرچ استان کرمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، فارسی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه باهنر کرمان

2 استاد، دانشگاه باهنر کرمان

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تنوع زنبورهای پارازیتویید خانواده Braconidae با تغییر شرایط اکولوژیک و پوشش گیاهی انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری به وسیله  تور دستی از روی چهار پوشش گیاهی عمده منطقه شامل: یونجه، پونه، تلخ‌بیان و تمشک صورت گرفت. زنبورهای زیر­خانواده­های Macrocentrinae، Alysiinae، Braconinae و Rogadinae از اردیبهشت تا آذر سال 1393 به‌صورت یک هفته در میان جمع­آوری شد و شاخص­های تنوع زیستی و اکولوژی برای آنها محاسبه گردید. از 563 نمونه جمع‌آوری شده، بیشترین نمونه از گیاه یونجه با 450 نمونه و کمترین نمونه جمع‌آوری شده از گیاه پونه با 28 نمونه می­باشد. محاسبه شاخص تشابه موریستا- هورن نشان داد که دو پوشش گیاهی یونجه و تلخ­بیان منطقه بیشترین شباهت را از نظر یکسان بودن جنس‌های جمع­آوری شده دارا می­­باشند، اما به دلیل غالبیت بالا در گیاه یونجه میزان تنوع زیستی این گیاه پایین و مقدار 566/0 بود این در حالی است که گیاه تلخ‌بیان بیشترین تنوع (339/1) زنبور های پارازیتوئید را در بین گیاهان داشت. آنالیز CCA نشان داد که اختلاف پراکندگی افراد در بین جنس­های جمع‌آوری شده به دلیل متفاوت بودن ویژگی‌های محیطی این دو پوشش گیاهی است. همچنین محاسبه شاخص جک­نایف نشان داد که تعداد مورد انتظار حضور جنس‌ها در پوشش‌های گیاهی بیشتر از تعداد نمونه جمع­‌آوری شده، است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Biodiversity of braconid fauna (Hym.: Ichneumonoidea: Braconidae) in Sirch region, Kerman province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Iranmanesh 1
  • S. M. Madjdzadeh 2
  • Majid Askari Hesni 2
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of kerman, Kerman, Iran
2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of kerman, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was intended to investigate the diversity of parasitoid wasps of the family Braconidae in different habitats dominated by the plant species Medicago sativa L., Mentha pulegium L., Sophora alopecuroides L. and Rubus sp. About 563 braconid specimens of four subfamilies, Macrocentrinae, Alysiinae, Braconinae and Rogadinae were collected between May and December 2014. Alfalfa (450 individuals) and pennyroyal (28 individuals) had the highest and the lowest collected specimens respectively. The similarity index of Morisita-Horn showed that sophora and alfalfa had the highest similarity in terms of collected genera. The higher density of alfalfa lowered the value of biodiversity (0.566) while the highest diversity occurred in sophora (339/1). CCA analysis showed that the differences in dispersion of the genera were due to differences of habitats. The Jackknife index suggested higher number of expected genera than collected ones.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biodiversity
  • Parasitoid wasps
  • phenology
  • environmental factors
  • Braconidae

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