اثر عصاره متانولی ماریتیغال بر شاخص‌های تغذیه‌ای، نوروپپتید سی سی ا پی و فعالیت آلفا آمیلاز و پروتئازکرم غوزه پنبه

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسندگان

دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

اثرات عصاره متانولی بذر ماریتیغال Silybum marianum روی لارو سن سه کرم غوزه پنبه Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)   در قالب رژیم غذایی مصنوعی در دمای 1±25 درجه، رطوبت نسبی 5 ±65 درصد و دوره نوری 8 :16 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. LC50 و LC20 عصاره ماریتیغال به ترتیب برابر 10449 و 5654 پی‌پی‌ام بود.  صد میکرولیتر از عصاره گیاهی به غلظت 5654 پی پی ام (LC20) به نه دهم گرم غذای مصنوعی اضافه شده و پس از گذشت 72 ساعت، شاخص‌های تغذیه‌ای، مقدار نوروپپتید crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) و میزان فعالیت آلفا آمیلاز و پروتئاز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. عصاره گیاهی شاخص‌های تغذیه‌ای از جمله شاخص تقریبی هضم شوندگی غذا، نرخ رشد نسبی، نرخ مصرف نسبی ، کارایی تبدیل غذای خورده شده و کارایی تبدیل غذای هضم شده را کاهش داد. عصاره گیاهی میزان فعالیت آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز و پروتئاز را در معده میانی کرم غوزه پنبه کاهش داد. فعالیت آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز در شاهد mU 194 بوده در حالی‌که در تیمار  mU8/86 اندازه گیری شد. میزان فعالیت آنزیم پروتئاز نیز از mU 2/108 در شاهد به 6/60 mU در تیمار رسید. . قرار دادن معده میانی در بافر حاوی CCAP منجر به افزایش فعالیت آلفا آمیلاز و پروتئاز شد در حالی‌که بافر به تنهایی هیچ تاثیری نداشت. تغذیه از غذای مصنوعی حاوی عصاره گیاهی میزان نوروپپتید CCAP را در معده میانی لارو کاهش می‌دهد. در کل می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که تغذیه از غذای مصنوعی حاوی عصاره ماریتیغال باعث کاهش آزاد سازی نوروپپتید CCAP در معده میانی شده  که این کاهش به نوبه خود منجر به کاهش فعالیت آلفا آمیلاز و پروتئاز می شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Silybum marianum methanolic extract on nutritional indices, crustacean cardioactive peptide, α-amylase and protease activities of Helicoverpa armigera (Lep.: Noctuidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Mohammadi Gisour
  • Azam Mikani
  • Saeid Moharramipour
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The efficacy of milk thistle, Silybum  marianum methanolic extract was investigated on the third instar larvae of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). The experiments were done at 25±1 °C, 65±5 RH and photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D) h. The LC50 and LC20 values were estimated 10449 and 5654 ppm, respectively. One hundred microliters of the plant extract at 5654 ppm was added to 0.9 grs of artificial diet. Nutritional indices, crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) content and digestive enzymatic (α-amylase and protease) activities were measured after 72 h. Plant extract decreased nutritional indices including approximate digestibility (AD), relative growth rate (RGR), relative consumption rate (RCR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) and efficiency of digested food (ECD). Methanolic extract of S. marianum decreased α-amylase and protease activities in the midgut of H. armigera. The activity of α-amylase from 194 mU in control decreased to 86.8 mU in treatment. It also decreased protease activity from 108.2 mU in control to 60.6 mU in treatment. Incubation of dissected midgut with CCAP increased α-amylase and protease activities in
H. armigera whereas the buffer alone had no effect. Feeding on artificial diet containing methanolic extract of S. marianum caused CCAP level in the midgut of the insect to decrease. Feeding on artificial diet containing methanolic extract of  S. marianum inhibits release of CCAP in the midgut and leads to reduction of α-amylase and protease activities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Silybum marianum
  • Helicoverpa armigera
  • crustacean cardioactive peptide
  • Digestive enzymes
  • nutritional indices

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