شاخص‌های تغذیه‌ای و فعالیت پروتئولیتیک گوارشی شب‌پره پوست‌خوار میوه پسته، (Lep.: Pyralidae) comaroffi (Ragonot) Arimania روی پنج رقم پسته

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، فارسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تنوع زیستی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته،

2 گروه تنوع زیستی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران.

چکیده

شب­پره پوست­خوار میوه پسته، comaroffi (Ragonot) Arimania آفتی است که در سال­های اخیر در برخی باغات پسته رفسنجان به صورت طغیانی درآمده است. برای مطالعه شاخص­های تغذیه­ای و فعالیت آنزیمی پروتئازی کل، لاروهای آفت روی میوه پنج رقم پسته شامل احمدآقایی، اکبری، اوحدی، کله قوچی و ممتاز در دمای 2±25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±45 درصد و دوره نوری 16:8 ساعت (تاریکی: روشنایی) پرورش داده شدند. در هر ظرف آزمایشی یک لارو با وزن اولیه برابر روی یک میوه پسته از هر رقم قرار داده شد. هر 24 ساعت یکبار میوه­ها تعویض شدند و در هر مرتبه افزایش وزن لاروها، وزن پوست میوه پسته تغذیه شده و وزن فضولات لاروی ثبت شد. هم­چنین میزان پروتئین کل پوست میوه ارقام پسته اندازه­گیری شد. بر اساس نتایج، کم­ترین مقادیر دو شاخص بازدهی غذای خورده شده و بازدهی غذای هضم شده در لاروهای پرورش­یافته روی رقم اوحدی و کم­ترین میزان فعالیت پروتئازی لاروی روی ارقام اوحدی و اکبری مشاهده شد. بیش­ترین مقادیر کلیه شاخص­های تغذیه­ای محاسبه شده و نیز بیش­ترین میزان فعالیت پروتئازی در لاروهای تغذیه­شده با پوست میوه رقم ممتاز به دست آمد. کم­ترین میزان پروتئین کل در پوست میوه اوحدی و اکبری و بیش­ترین مقدار پروتئین روی پوست میوه رقم ممتاز ثبت شد. هم­چنین همبستگی مثبت معنی­داری بین میزان پروتئین پوست میوه و فعالیت پروتئازی وجود داشت. بر اساس نتیجه تجزیه خوشه­ای مجموع داده­های آزمایشی، رقم­های اوحدی، احمدآقایی و اکبری نسبت به دو رقم دیگر تاثیر منفی معنی­داری روی میزان کارایی تغذیه لارو A. comaroffi داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Feeding indices and digestive proteolytic activity of pistachio hull borer, Arimania comaroffi (Rogonot) (Lep.: Pyralidae) on five pistachio varieties

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. M. Mansouri 1
  • F. Khajeh 2
1 Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
2 Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Pistachio hull borer, Arimania comaroffi (Rogonot)(Lep: Pyralidae) is an insect pest which has turn into an outbreak in some pistachio orchards of Rafsanjan. In order to study feeding indices and total proteolytic enzymatic activity, larvae of A. comaroffi were reared on fruits of five pistachio varieties including, Ahmadaghai, Akbari, Ohadi, Kaleghochi and Momtaz at 25±2ºC, 45±5% RH and 16:8 (L:D) h. In each experimental container, one larva at the same initial weight was located on one fruit of each pistachio variety. Every 24 h, fruits were changed and larval weight gain, weight of skin of pistachio's fruit and weigh of larval feces were recorded. The total protein of fruits skin of different pistachio varieties was evaluated as well. Based on the results, the lowest amounts of conversion efficiency of ingested food and conversion efficiency of digested food were in larvae reared on fruit of Ohadi variety and the lowest proteolytic activity was in larvae fed on fruits of Ohadi and Akbari varieties. The highest feeding indices and protease activity were in larvae fed on Momtaz. The lowest protein content of pistachio fruits skin was on Ohadi and Akbari, and the highest content was on Momtaz. There was a positive correlation between protein content of tested varieties and protease activity of larvae. According to the result of cluster analysis, Ohadi, Ahmadaghai, and Akbari varieties had a negative significant effect on feeding efficiency of A. comaroffi larvae as compared with the other varieties. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arimania comaroffi
  • protein
  • pistachio fruit's skin
  • cluster analysis

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