Abbott, W. S. (1925) A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide.Journal of Economic Entomology 18, 265–267.
Afzal, M. B. S. & Shad S. A. (2015) Resistance inheritance and mechanism to emamectin benzoate in Phenacoccus solenopsis (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Crop Protection 71, 60–65.
Ahmad, M., Sayyed, A. H., Crickmore, N. & Saleem, M. A. (2007) Genetics and
mechanism of resistance to deltamethrin in a field population of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Pest Management Science 63, 1002–1010.
Aizoun, N., Aikpon, R., Gnanguenon, V., Azondekon, R., Oke- Agbo, F., Padonou, G. G. & Akogbeto, M. (2014)Dynamics of insecticide resistance and effect of synergists piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S.S.S-tributylphosphorotrithioate (DEF) and ethacrynic
acid (ETAA or EA) on permethrin, deltamethrin and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) resistance in two Anopheles gambiae s. l. populations from Southern Benin, West Africa. Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology 6, 1–10.
Ardley, J. H. (1976)Synergized bioresmethrin as a potential grain protectant. Journal of Stored Products Research 12, 253–259.
Askari-Saryazdi G., Hejazi M. J., Ferguson J. S. & Rashidi M. R. (2015) Selection for chlorpyrifos resistance in Liriomyza sativaeBlanchard: cross-resistance patterns,
stability and biochemical mechanisms. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 124, 86–92.
Baniameri, V. & Cheraghian, A. (2011) The current status of Tuta absoluta in Iran and initial control strategies. EPPO/IOBC/FAO/NEPPO Joint International Symposium on Management of Tuta absoluta (tomato borer, Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in
collaboration with the IRAC and IBMA. November 16–18, Agadir, Morocco. p: 20.
Bengston, M., Davies, R. A. H., Desmarchelier, J. M., Henning, R., Murray, W.,
Simpson, B. W., Snelson, J. T., Sticka, R. & Wallbank, B. E. (1983)
Organophosphorothioates and synergized synthetic pyrethroids as grain protectants on bulk wheat. Pesticide Science 14, 373–384.
Daglish, G. J., Eelkema, M. & Harrison, L. M. (1995)Chlorpyrifos-methyl plus either methoprene or synergized phenothrin for control of Coleoptera in maize in
Queensland, Australia. Journal of Stored Products Research 31, 235–241.
Delorme, R., Fournier, D., Chaufaux, J., Cuany, A., Bride, J. M., Auge, D. & Berge, J. B. (1988) Esterase metabolism and reduced penetration are causes of resistance to
deltamethrin in Spodoptera exigua HUB. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidea). Pesticide
Biochemistry and Physiology 32, 240–246.
Desneux, N., Wajnberg, E., Wyckhuys, K. A. G., Burgio, G.,Arpaia, S.,
Narvaez-Vazquez, C. A., Cabrera, J. G., CatalanRuescas, D., Tabone, E.,
Frandon, J., Pizzol, J., Poncet,C., Cabello, T. & Urbaneja, A. (2010) Biological invasion of European tomato crops by Tuta absoluta: ecology, geographic expansion and prospects for biological control. Journal of Pest Science 83, 197–215.
Dittrich, V., Ernst, G. H., Ruesh, O. & Uk, S. (1990)Resistance mechanisms in
sweetpotato whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) populations from Sudan, Turkey, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. Journal of Economic Entomology 83, 1665–1670.
Feyereisen, R. (1999) Insect P450 enzymes. Annual Review of Entomology 44, 507–533.
Goldin, A. L. (2003) Mechanisms of sodium channel inactivation. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 13, 284–290.
Gontijo, P. C., Picanco, M. C., Pereira, E. J. G., Martins, J. C., Chediak, M. & Guedes,R. N. C. (2013) Spatial and temporal variation in the control failure
likelihood of the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta. Annals of Applied Biology, 162, 50–59.
Guedes R. N. C., Picanco M. C. (2012) Tuta absoluta in South America: pest status,
management and insecticide resistance. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 42, 211–216.
Gunning, R. V., Moores, G. D. & Devonshire, A. L. (1999) Esterase Inhibitors Synergise the Toxicity of Pyrethroids in Australian Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Pesticide Biochemistry andPhysiology 63, 50–62.
Haddi, K., Berger, M., Bielza, P., Cifuentes, D., Field, L. M.,Gorman, K., Rapisarda, C., Williamson, M. S. & Bass, C. (2012) Identification of mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in the voltage-gated sodium channel of the tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta). Insect Biochemistry andMolecular Biology 42, 506–513.
Hemingway, J. & Ranson, H. (2000). Insecticide resistance in insect vectors of human diseases. Annual Review of Entomology 45, 371–391.
Ishaaya, I. (1993) Insect detoxifying enzymes: their importance in pesticide synergism and resistance. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 22, 263–276.
Ishtiaq, M., Saleem, M. A. & Wright, D. J. (2012) Stability, cross resistance and effect of synergists, PBO and DEF, on deltamethrin resistant strain of Spodoptera exigua
(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 44, 1677–1682.
Jao, L. T. & Casida, J. E. (1974)Esterases inhibitors as synergists for
(+)-trans-chrysanthemate insecticide chemicals. Pesticide Biochemistry and
Physiology, 4, 456–464.
Kang, C. Y., Wu, G. & Miyata, T. (2006) Synergism of enzyme inhibitors and
mechanisms of insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hom.,
Aleyrodidae). Journal of Applied Entomology 130, 377–385.
Kasai, S., Weerashinghe, I. S. & Shono, T. (1998) P450 monooxygenases are an
important mechanism of permethrin resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus Say larvae. Archive of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 37, 47–56.
Kasai, S., Weerashinghe, I. S., Shono, T. & Yamakawa, M. (2000)Molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence and gene expression of a cytochrome P450 (CYP6F1) from the pyrethroid-resistant mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 30, 163–171.
Kostaropoulos, I., Papadopoulos, A. , I., Metaxakis, A. Boukouvala, E. &
Papadopoulou-Mourkidou, E. (2001) Glutathione S–transferase in the defence against pyrethroids in insects. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 31,
313–319.
Kumar, S., Thomas, A., Sahgal, A., Verma, A., Samuel, T. & Pillai, M. K. K. (2002)Effect of the synergist, piperonyl butoxide, on the development of deltamethrin
resistance in yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 50,1–8.
Lai, T., Li., J. & Su, J. (2011) Monitoring of beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua
(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) resistance to chlorantraniliprole in China. Pesticide
Biochemistry and Physiology 101,198–205.
Li, X. C., Schuler, M. A. & Berenbaum, M. R. (2007) Molecular mechanisms of
metabolic resistance to synthetic and natural xenobiotics. Annual Review of
Entomology 52, 231–253.
Lietti, M. M. M., Botto, E. & Alzogaray, R. A. (2005) Insecticide resistance in Argentine populations of Tuta absoluta(Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Neotropical
Entomology, 34, 113–119.
Liu, N. & Scott, J. G. (1998) Increased transcription of CYP6D1 causes cytochrome
P450-mediated insecticide resistance in house fly. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 28, 531–535.
Low, W. Y., Ng, H. L., Morton, C. J. , Parker, M.W., Batterham, P. & Robin, C. (2007) Molecular evolution of glutathione S-transferases in the genus Drosophila.
Genetics 177, 1363–1375.
Malekmohammadi, M., Mossadegh, M. S., Hejazi, M. J., Goodarzi, M. T., Khanjani, M. & Galehdari, H. (2010) Synergism of resistance to phosalone and comparison of kinetic properties of acetylcholinesterase from four field populations and a susceptible strain of Colorado potato beetle. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 98, 254–262.
Martin, S. H., Ottea, J. A., Leonard, B. R., Graves, J. B., Burris, E., Micinski, S. & Church, G. E. (1997). Effects of selected synergists and insecticide toxicity in
laboratory budworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) inlaboratory and field studies. Journal of Economic Entomology 3, 723–721.
Mohan, M. & Gujar, G.T. (2003) Local variation in susceptibility of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), to insecticides and role of detoxification
enzymes. Crop Protection 22, 495–504.
Oliveira, F. A., da Silva, D. J. H., Leite, G. L. D., Jham, G. N. & Picanco, M. (2009) Resistance of 57 greenhouse-grown accessions of Lycopersicon esculentum and three cultivars to Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Scientia
Horticulturae, 119, 182–187.
Padonou, G. G., Sezonlin, M., Osse, R., Aizoun, N., Oke-Agbo, F., Oussou, O.,
Gbedjissi, G. & Akogbeto, M. (2012). Impact of three years of large scale Indoor
Residual Spraying (IRS) and Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) interventions on
insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l.in Benin. Parasites and Vectors 5,
1–11.
Pridgeon, J. W., Zhang, L. & Liu, N. (2003)Overexpression of CYP4G19 associated with a pyrethroid-resistant strain of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). Gene 314, 157–163.
Reyes, M., Rocha, K., Alarcon, L., Siegwart, M. & Sauphanor, B. (2012) Metabolic mechanisms involved in the resistance of field populations of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) to spinosad. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 102, 45–50.
Rinkevich, F. D., Du, Y. & Dong, K. (2013) Diversity and convergence of sodium channel mutations involved in resistance to pyrethroids. Pesticide Biochemistry and
Physiology 106, 93–100.
Riskallah, M. R. (1983)Esterases and resistance to synthetic pyrethroids in the egyptian cotton leaf worm. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 19,184–189.
Robertson, J .L., Russel, R. M., Preisler, H. K. & Savin, N. E. (2007) Bioassays with Arthropods. 2 nd ed. CRC Press, Inc, Boca Raton, FL.
Robertson, J .L. & Preisler, H. K. (1992) Pesticide Bioassays with Arthropods. 1st ed. CRC Press, Inc, Boca Raton, FL.
Rodriguez, M. M., Hurtado, D., Severson, D. W. & Bisset, J. A. (2014) Inheritance of resistance to deltamethrin in Aedes aegypti(Diptera: Culicidae) from Cuba. Journal of Medical Entomology51, 1213–1219.
Roditakis, E., Skarmoutsou, C. & Staurakaki, M. (2013).Toxicity of insecticides to populations of tomato borer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) from Greece. Pest Management Science 69, 834–840.
Romero, A., Potter, M. F. & Haynes, K. F. (2009) Evaluation of piperonyl butoxide as a deltamethrin synergist for pyrethroid-resistant bed bugs. Journal of Economic
Entomology 102, 2310–2315.
Saddiq, B., Shahzad Afzal, M. B. & Shad, S. A. J. (2016) Studies on genetics, stability and possible mechanism of deltamethrin resistance in Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Genetics 95, 1009–1016.
Samson, P. R. , Parker, R. J. & Hall, E. A. (1990)Synergised deltamethrin as a
protectant against Sitophilus zeamaisMotsch. and S. oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera:
Curculionidae) on stored maize. Journal of Stored Products Research, 26, 155–161.
Sanchez-Arroyo, H., Koehler, P. G. & Valles, S. M. (2001) Effects of the synergists
piperonyl butoxide and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate on propoxur
pharmacokinetics in Blatella germanica (Blattodea :Blatellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 94, 209–216.
Sang, S., Shu, B., Yi, X., Liu, J., Hu, M. & Zhong, G. (2016) Cross-resistance and
baseline susceptibility of
Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to cyantraniliprole in the south of China.
Pest Management Science 72, 922–928.
Sauphanor, B., Cuany, A., Bouvier, J.C., Brosse, V., Amichot, M. & Berge, J. B. (1997). Mechanism of resistance to deltamethrin in Cydia pomonella (L.)
(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 58,109–117.
Silva,W. M., Berger, M., Bass, C., Balbino, V. Q., Amaral, M. H. B., Campos, M. R. & Siqueira, H. A. A. (2015) Status of pyrethroid resistance and mechanisms in Brazilian populations of Tuta absoluta. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 122, 8–14.
Silva, G. A., Picanco, M. C., Bacci, L., Crespo, A. L. B & Rosado, J. F. (2011) Control failure likelihood and spatial dependence of insecticide resistance in the tomato
pinworm, Tuta absoluta. Pest Management Science 67, 913–920.
Siqueira, H. A. A., Guedes, R. N. C., Fragoso D. B. & Magalhaes,L. C. (2001)
Abamectin resistance and synergism in Brazilian populations of Tuta absoluta
(Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). International Journal of Pest Management 47, 247–251.
Siqueira, H. A. A., Guedes, R. N. C. & Picanco, M. C. (2000a) Insecticide resistance in populations of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Agriculture and Forest
Entomology 2, 147–153.
Siqueira, H. A. A., Guedes, R. N. C., Picanco, M. C. (2000b) Cartap resistance and
synergism in populations of Tuta absoluta (Lep., Gelechiidae). Journal of Applied
Entomology 124, 233–238.
Soderlund, D. M. & Knipple, D. C. (2003) The molecular biology of knockdown
resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 33, 563–577.
Thomas, A., Kumar, S. & Pillai, M. K. K. (1991) Piperonyl butoxide as a countermeasure for deltamethrin-resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus Say. Entomon 16, 1–10.
Thomas, J. D., Ottea, J. A., Boethel, D. J. & Ibrahim, S. A. (1996) Factors influencing pyrethroid resistance in a permethrin-selected strain of the soybean looper,
Pseudoplusia includens (Walker). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 55, 1–9.
Vontas, J. G., Small, G. J. & Hemingway, J. (2001) Glutathione S-transferases as
antioxidant defence agents confer pyrethroid resistance in Nilaparvata lugens.
Biochemical Journal 357, 65–72.
Wang, L., Zhang, Y., Han, Z., Liu, Y. & Fang, J. (2010) Cross‐resistance and possible mechanisms of chlorpyrifos resistance in Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén). Pest
Management Science 66, 1096–1100.
Wu, D., Scharf, M. E., Neal, J. J., Suiter, D. R. & Bennett, G. W. (1998)Mechanisms of fenvalerate resistance in the German cockroach, Blatella germanica (L.). Pesticide
Biochemistry and Physiology 61, 53–62.
Young, S. J., Gunning, R. V. & Moores, G. D. (2006) Effect of pretreatment with
piperonyl butoxide on pyrethroid efficacy against insecticide-resistance Helicoverpa armigera (Lep.: Noctuidae). Pest management Science 62,114–119.
Zhu, Y. C. & Snodgrass, G. L. (2003)Cytochrome P450 CYP6X1 cDNAs and mRNA expression levels in three strains of the tarnished plant bug Lygus lineolaris
(Heteroptera: Miridae) having different susceptibilities to pyrethroid insecticide. Insect Molecular Biology 12, 39–49.
Zibaee, I., Bandani, A. L. & Sabahi, G. (2016) The expression profile of detoxifying
enzyme of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrik (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) to chlorpyrifos. Arthropods 5, 77–86.
Zlof, V. & Suffert, M. (2012) Report of the EPPO/FAO/ IOBC/NEPPO Joint International Symposium on management of Tuta absoluta (tomato borer). Bulletin OEPP/EPPOBulletin 42, 203–204.
)