تغییرات نرخ تنفس و اسیدهای چرب غشاهای سلولی در شفیره های سفیدة بزرگ کلم، (Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae در طول زمستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، فارسی

نویسنده

عضو هیات علمی سازمان پژوهشهای علمی و صنعتی ایران

چکیده

غشاهای سلولی در برابر دماهای پایین بسیار حساس بوده و به منظور جلوگیری از این صدمه دچار تغییرات و سازگاری­هایی می­شوند. یکی از رایج ترین تغییرات، افزایش نسبت اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع به اشباع در فسفولیپیدها است که سبب افزایش سیالیت غشاء در دماهای پایین می­شود. در مطالعه حاضر، شفیره­های زمستان­گذران سفیده بزرگ کلم، Pieris brassicae  در جریان ماه­های آبان تا فروردین جمع­آوری شد. به منظور بررسی رکود متابولیسم، گازهای تنفسی (O2 و CO2) و نرخ تنفس (‍CO2/O2) در آنها با دستگاه GC اندازه­گیری شد. پس از استخراج چربی کل، فسفولیپیدها با روش SPE  از سایر چربی­ها جدا شده و اسیدهای چرب و تغییرات آنها با GC بررسی شد. نرخ تنفس با کاهش 30 درصدی از 9/0 در آبان به 6/0 در بهمن و اسفند کاهش یافت که نشان می­دهد متابولیسم در این دو ماه به کمترین حد رسیده و حشره در عمق دیاپوز به سر می­برد. دو اسید چرب 16 کربنه و چهار اسید چرب 18 کربنه در غشاهای سلولی این آفت شناسایی شد. طی ماه­های زمستان بیشترین کاهش در دو اسید چرب اشباع C16:0 و C18:0 و بیشترین افزایش در اسید چرب C16:1 مشاهده شد. به طور کلی نسبت اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع به اشباع طی ماه‌های زمستان حدود 40 درصد افزایش داشت. نتایج نشان داد، علی­رغم کاهش سطح متابولیسم بدن، در راستای افزایش تحمل به دماهای پایین، تغییر و تبدیلات پویایی در غشاهای سلولی به وقوع پیوسته تا امکان تطابق حشره با شرایط سخت زمستان را فراهم نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Changes of respiration rate and fatty acid composition in cell membranes of pupae of the large cabbage white, Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) during winter

نویسنده [English]

  • M. Atapour
چکیده [English]

Cell membranes are very sensitive to low temperatures and undergo changes and adaptations to prevent this damage. One of the most common changes is the increase in unsaturated to saturated fatty acids ratio of phospholipids, which leads to increase the fluidity of membranes at low temperatures. In this study, overwintering pupae of the large cabbage white, Pieris brassicae were collected during November 2014 to April 2015. To investigate the metabolic quiescent, changes in respiratory gases (O2 and CO2) and respiration rate (‍CO2/O2) were measured using GC. After extracting the whole body lipids, phospholipids were separated from other lipids by solid phase extraction (SPE) and then fatty acids and their changes were investigated using the GC. Respiration rate decreased about 30% from 0.9 in November to 0.6 in February and March, indicating that metabolism has reached to its lowest level during these period and insect has been in deep pupal diapause. Two 16-carbon and four 18-carbon fatty acids were identified in cell membranes. During winter, the highest decrease was observed in two saturated fatty acids C16: 0 and C18: 0 and the highest increase occurred in C16: 1. In general, unsaturated /saturated fatty acids ratio increased about 40 percent during the winter months. The results indicated that in spite of decreasing metabolism level in the whole body, in order to enhance the cold-hardiness, dynamic changes occurred in cell membranes, allowing insect to adapt successfully to winter hard conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cell membrane
  • fatty acids
  • Pieris brassicae
  • respiration
  • diapause
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