اثر ترکیبات چند گیاه غیرمیزبان بر رفتار تخمریزی سرخرطومی‌حنایی خرما، (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، فارسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سرخرطومی­­ حنایی ­خرما، (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier، مهمترین آفت نخیلات است. در این تحقیق اثر بازدارندگی  مواد استخراج شده از برگ­های سه گیاه غیرمیزبان سرخرطومی­حنایی­خرما شامل اشورک (Eshvarak)، Rhazya stricta Decne. (Apocynaceae)، آنغوزه، (Ferula assa-foetida L. (Apiaceae و چریش،(Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae، و همچنین اثر سه ترکیب گیاهی آلفا-پینن، اوژنول و تیمول به روش انتخابی و با سه دز یک، 5 و 10 درصد روی تخمریزی آفت ارزیابی شد. برای این منظور در هر انتخاب به تفکیک، تعداد تخم­ های گذاشته شده در مدت 3 روز بر روی مغز درخت خرما (شاهد) با بستر تخمریزی آغشته به تیمار مقایسه شد. اثر تیمارهای مختلف با یکدیگر با استفاده از شاخص بازدارندگی تخمریزی  مقایسه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تعداد تخم ­­­ها روی بسترهای تخمریزی تیمار شده،  به استثناء دز یک درصد عصاره­ های گیاه چریش و دز یک درصد اوژنول، به طور معنی­ داری کمتر از شاهد بود. کمترین تخمریزی پس از استفاده از دز 10 درصد تیمول (54/0±5/1) و دز 10 درصد عصاره برگ اشورک (66/0±6/1) مشاهده شد. از نظر شاخص بازدارندگی تخمریزی، ترکیب مستخرجه از گیاهان غیر­­میزبان و ترکیبات فرار گیاهی تفاوت معنی­ داری داشتند. آنغوزه با 6±33 درصد کمترین شاخص بازدارندگی تخمریزی را داشت که به طور معنی­ دار کمتر از شاخص بازدارندگی تخمریزی در تیمول و اشورک بود. بیشترین شاخص­های بازدارندگی تخمریزی مربوط به دز 10 درصد تیمول (75/4±63/85 درصد) و دز 10 درصد اشورک (70/7±32/83 درصد) بود که تفاوت معنی ­داری نداشتند. می ­توان از تیمول برای پوشاندن زخم­های روی تنه ­درختان خرما برای جلوگیری از تخمریزی سرخرطومی حنایی خرما و در نتیجه کاهش آلودگی­ های جدید توسط آفت استفاده ­نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of some non-host plant components on oviposition behavior of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Azim Dehvari 1
  • A. Avand-Faghih 2
  • Ali Ahadiyat 1
  • A. Hosseini Gharalari 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) is the most destructive pest of palm trees. In this research, the anti-ovipositon effect of the leaf extracts of 3 plant species, including Rhazya stricta Decne. (Apocynacea), Ferula assa-foetida L. (Apiaceae) and Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae), together with three plant volatile compounds, including alpha-pinene, eugenol and thymol, were studied on red palm weevil in a choice test. Each leaf extract and volatile compounds were used in 3 doses (1, 5 and 10%). The number of eggs laid by red palm weevil on the treated tissues were compared to that on untreated date core (as control) during 3 days. Anti-oviposition index (AOI) was used to evaluate the effects of different treatments. The results indicated that the number of eggs on treated palm tissues were significantly lower compared with the untreated ones, except when the tissue was treated with 1% of eugenol or 1% of A. indica. The least number of eggs was observed on tissues treated with 10% of thymol (1.5±0.54) and 10% of R. stricta (1.6±0.66). Also significant differences were found among the AOIs of the tested deterrents. The least AOI was seen for F. assa-foetida (33±6) significantly less than those of thymol and R. stricta. The most AOIs were for 10% of thymol (85.63±4.75%) and 10% of R. stricta (83.32±7.70%). These results suggest that thymol, can be used, as oviposition deterrence, for treating wounds produced on palm trunks, to prevent the new infestations by the red palm weevil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Plant volatiles
  • anti-oviposition
  • Rhazya stricta
  • Thymol
  • Date palm

مراجع

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