بررسی کارایی رهاسازی تلقیحی قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae برای کنترل زیستی سوسک شاخدار خرما Oryctes elegans (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) در شرایط نخلستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، فارسی

نویسندگان

سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده خرما و میوه‌های گرمسیری، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

این تحقیق به منظور ارزیابی روش رهاسازی اشباعی جدایه مناسب قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae در کنترل میکروبی سوسک شاخدار خرما انجام شد. برای این منظور از یک طرح آشیانه­ای استفاده شد. آشیان­ها  شامل رهاسازی حداقل، متوسط و حداکثر بود که به ترتیب در آن­ها از تعداد 1، 2 و 4 تله در هر هکتار استفاده شد. رهاسازی ­ها به صورت روزانه و به مدت سه هفته ادامه داشت. نتایج نشان داد که بین کارایی قارچ  M. anisopliae در حالات مختلف رهاسازی اشباعی براساس مقایسه 5 صفت آسیب دم ­برگ، آسیب دم­ خوشه، تعداد لارو و حشره کامل سالم و بیمار تفاوت معنی­ دار در سطح احتمال یک درصد وجود دارد.  بالاترین کارایی کنترل میکروبی سوسک شاخ­دار خرما در کاهش جمعیت لارو، حشره کامل و آسیب به دم ­برگ و دم­ خوشه در شرایط رهاسازی حداکثر بود، به طوری که در هر 2 سال انجام بررسی، کارایی کنترل حدود 90 درصد بود. استقرار و انتشار  قارچ M. anisopliae در شرایط رهاسازی حداکثر بالاتر از سایر روش­های رهاسازی بود. در این تیمار از زمان رهاسازی تا 45 روز پس از آن، شاخص رشد قارچ روند افزایشی داشته است.  نتایج این پروژه نشان داد که روش رهاسازی حداکثر علاوه بر کارایی بالای کنترل، از نظر اقتصادی، زیست محیطی و پایداری از شرایط مناسبی برخوردار بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Efficacy evaluation of Metarhizium anisopliae inoculative release for biological control of date palm horned beetle Oryctes elegans (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in garden

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Latifian
  • B. Rad
Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Horticulture science research institute, Date palm and tropical fruits research center, Ahwaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

This research was conducted to evaluate of inoculated release methods on appropriate isolate of Metarhizium anisopliae for microbial control of the date palm horned beetle (DPHB) Oryctes elegans. Nesting experimental method was used in this study. The nests were includes: minimum, average and maximum inoculate release which used 1, 2 and 4 traps per hectare accordingly, and this daily releasing was continued for three weeks. The results showed; there are significant different at 1 percent level between the efficiency of M. anisopliae in different inoculate releasing methods according theses parameters: Petiole and Bunch injured, number of healthy and infected larvae and adult. The maximum releasing method had highest microbial control on decreasing of DPHB population (larva and adult), also Petiole and Bunch damage. This efficiency was assessed about 90 percent in two years study. Establishment and distribution of M. anisopliae in maximum inoculate release method was higher than other treatments. In this treatment, fungal growth increased from releasing date to 45 days. The results showed that maximum inoculate releasing method, not only had the highest efficiency in control, but also it was suitable considering economical, environmental and sustainability aspects.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Date Palm horned beetle
  • fungus
  • Metarhizium anisopliae
  • inoculate release

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