اثر ترجیح مرحله سنی میزبان در زنبـور (Aenasius bambawalei (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)، انگـل‌واره شپـشک آرد آلــود پنبـه (Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae، در شرایط دسترسی انتخابی و غیرانتخابی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، فارسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

چکیده

شپشک آرد آلود پنبه  Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley یکی از آفات مهم و چندین خوار در مناطق گرمسیری و نیمه گرمسیری بوده و در سال‌های اخیر خسارت شدیدی به درختچه‌های زینتی ختمی چینی جنوب کشور وارد کرده است. در این پژوهش، ترجیح میزبانی زنبور HayatAenasius bambawalei هنگام دسترسی به سنین مختلف پورگی و ماده بالغ شپشک آرد آلود پنبه در شرایط دسترسی انتخابی و غیرانتخابی بررسی شد. همچنین طول دوره رشدی و اندازه بدن زنبور هنگام پرورش روی پوره سن سوم و ماده بالغ مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، زنبورهای ماده تمایلی به پارازیته کردن پوره‌های سن یک شپشک از خود نشان ندادند و همچنین هیچ گونه ظهوری از پوره‌های پارازیته شده در سن دوم مشاهده نشد. در هر دو شرایط دسترسی انتخابی و غیرانتخابی به پوره سن سوم و شپشک‌های ماده بالغ، به طور معنی‌داری شپشک‌های بالغ بیشتر پارازیته شدند و نسبت جنسی (درصد ماده‌ها) زنبور روی این سن رشدی در مقایسه با پوره سن سوم بیشتر بود. همچنین طول دوره پیش از بلوغ زنبورهای نر و ماده هنگام پرورش روی ماده‌های بالغ شپشک طولانی‌تر از زمانی بود که میزبان در مرحله پوره سن سوم پارازیته شد، اما زنبورهای ظاهر شده از ماده‌های بالغ در مقایسه با پوره سن سوم، اندازه بزرگتری داشتند. در یک جمع­بندی، زنبور A. bambawalei قادر به کنترل قابل قبول سنین بالای رشدی شپشک آرد آلود پنبه بود و امید می‌رود بتوان از این زنبور به عنوان یک عامل زیستی در کنترل موفق شپشک آرد‍ آلود استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Host stage preference of Aenasius bambawalei (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), the parasitoid of cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), under choice and no-choice access

نویسندگان [English]

  • E. Tamoli Torfi 1
  • A. Rasekh 1
  • M. S. Mossadegh 1
  • A. Rajabpour 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
چکیده [English]

The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, is a phytophagous insect with high populations causing serious damage to the Chinese hibiscus shrubs (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) from south of Iran. This research was conducted to determine the host preference of Aenasius bambawalei Hayat when had choice or no-choice access to different stages of cotton mealybug. Moreover, biological characteristics and body size of wasps when reared on third nymphal instar and adult females was studied under laboratory condition. According to the results, female wasps did not parasitize the first nymphal stage. The second nymphal stage was parasitized without any adult wasp emergence. The results revealed that the percentage of mealybug mummified, and sex ratio (% female) was significantly higher when mealybug hosts were parasitized at adult females compared to third nymphal stage, in both choice and no-choice access. The developmental times (days) and body size (hind tibia length and antenna length) of A. bambawalei females and males developing in cotton mealybug adult female was significantly longer than those reared on third nymphal instar. The results indicated the high control ability of A. bambawalei, on the older growth stages of cotton mealybug. It is hoped that this parasitoid wasp can be used as a biological agent to control Ph. solenopsis, on the Chinese hibiscus shrubs, H. rosa-sinensis.    

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Biological characteristics"
  • "Chinese hibiscus shrubs"
  • "Koinobiont"
  • "Reproductive activity"

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