تاثیر دما بر برخی ویژگی های زیستی زنبور انگل‌واره Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، فارسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه حشره شناسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک

2 بخش تحقیقات کنترل بیولوژیک، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

ویژگی­های زیستی زنبورHabrobracon hebetor Say   در دماهای 20، 5/22، 25، 5/27، 30 و 5/32 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 5±65درصد و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی، روی لارو­های Galleria mellonella L.  بررسی شد. برای هر دما تعداد 80 تا 250 تخم زنبور به عنوان گروه همزاد پرورش داده شد. دوره جنینی تخم­های نر و ماده به ترتیب از 12/4 و 45/3 روز در دمای 20 درجه سلسیوس به  25/1 و 06/1 روز در دمای 5/27 درجه سلسیوس به طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت. طول دوره لاروی در 20 درجه سلسیوس، 00/7 و 81/6 روز به ترتیب در لاروهای نر و ماده بود که در 5/32 درجه سلسیوس به کوتاه­ترین مقدار و به ترتیب برابر 43/2 و 47/2 روز رسید. طولانی­ترین و کوتاه­ترین دوره شفیرگی افراد نر و ماده به ترتیب در 20 درجه سلسیوس برابر 12/16 و 27/18 روز و در 5/32 درجه سلسیوس به ترتیب 05/5 و 02/5 روز ثبت شد. بیشترین طول عمر زنبورهای نر و ماده به ترتیب در 20 درجه سلسیوس 83/42 و 44/58 روز و کمترین آن در 5/32 درجه سلسیوس 05/16 و 02/14 روز بود. نرخ سرة زادآوری (R0)، نرخ سرشتی افزایش جمعیت (r) و نرخ کرانمند افزایش جمعیت (λ) به ترتیب بین 81/29-98/4 فرد نتاج، 2001/0-0378/0 بر روزو 2065/1-0351/1 بر روز در دماهای 20 و 5/27 درجه سلسیوس به ترتیب به عنوان کمترین و بیشترین مقادیر به­ دست آمد. طول دوره یک نسل حداکثر 50/42 روز و حداقل 16/15 روز به ترتیب در دماهای 20 تا 5/32 محاسبه شد. زنبور ماده حداقل به 62/2 روز در دمای 5/27 درجه سلسیوس و حداکثر به 18/8 روز در دمای 20 درجه سلسیوس برای شروع تخمگذاری نیاز داشت. با توجه به نتایج و لحاظ اقتصاد تولید انبوه، دمای 5/27 درجه سلسیوس برای پرورش زنبور H. hebetor روی لارو­های G. mellonellaمناسب می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impact of temperature on some biological traits of Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. M. Montazeri 1
  • Sh. Goldasteh 1
  • J. Shirazi 2
  • E. Sanatgar 1
  • R. Vafaeeshushtari 1
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch
2 Biological Control Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, AREEO,,Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Life history attributes of Habrobracon hebetor Say were investigated at six thermal regimes (20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, 30 and 32.5 ºC, 65±5 % RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 h L:D) using Galleria mellonella L. larvae as lab host. About 80-250 fresh eggs of the parasitoid (Cohort) were reared under different thermal treatments. Incubation period of male and female eggs reduced significantly from 4.12 and 3.45 days at 20 ºC to 1.25 and 1.06 days at 27.5 ºC, respectively. Larval development was 7.00 and 6.81days for male and female larvae at 20 ºC and decremented to 2.43 and 2.47 days at 32.5 ºC, respectively. Similarly, the longest and the shortest male and female pupal duration was observed at 20 ºC (16.12 and 18.27 days) and 32.5 ºC (5.05 and 5.02 days), respectively. Adult male and female longevity was longest (42.83 and 58.44 days) at 20 ºC and shortest (16.05 and 14.02 days) at 32.5 ºC, respectively. Population parameters including R0, r, and λ ranged between 4.98-28.81 offspring, 0.0378-0.2001 d-1 and 1.0351-1.2065 d-1, respectively, when temperature increased from 20 to 27.5 ºC, proving about 5 folds enhancement in r. Generation time was 42.50 days at 20 ºC and decreased to 15.16 days at 32.5 ºC, respectively. Female wasp required at least 2.62 days at 27.5 ºC and maximum 8.18 days at 20 ºC to start oviposition. It is concluded that the population characteristics of H. hebetor were statistically superior at 27.5 ºC compared with those in other treatments and considering economy of rearing, 27.5 ºC along with 65±5 and 16:8 L:D h would be the optimum conditions for its propagation on G. mellonella larvae.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Habrobracon hebetor
  • Temperature
  • Life table
  • Biological parameters
  • Galleria mellonella

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