تعیین سطح زیان اقتصادی زنجرک خرما Ommatissus lybicus (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae)در دو رقم تجاری خرما در جنوب ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسندگان

1 موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، شیراز، ایران

3 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران

4 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

زنجرک خرما، Ommatissus lybicus Bergevin (1930)، یکی از آفات کلیدی خرما در ایران است که باعث کاهش چشمگیر کیفیت و کمیت خرمای تولیدی می­شود. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین سطح زیان اقتصادی O. lybicus روی دو رقم تجاری خرما در سه استان خرماخیز جنوبی کشور انجام شد. تعیین سطح زیان اقتصادی زنجرک خرما با روش پدیگو انجام شد. برای این منظور، در هر یک از استان­های کرمان (بم)، فارس (فراشبند) و بوشهر (تنگه زرد) یک نخلستان آلوده به زنجرک خرما انتخاب شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با هفت تیمار و سه تکرار اجرا شد. هـر واحد آزمایشی شامل سه درخت هم­سن بود که از درخت وسط نمونه­برداری انجام شد. ما از دو روش آلودگی طبیعی و مصنوعی با استفاده از حشره­کش­ها به تراکم مورد نظر در O. lybicus رسیدیم. ارزیابی­ها بر اساس ثبت هفتگی تعداد پوره­ها و قطرات عسلک انجام شد. علاوه بر این، در پایان فصل و در زمان برداشت، وزن کل خرمای برداشت شده تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد، سطح زیان اقتصادی در سال­های مورد بررسی بر اساس تعداد پوره­های زنجرک خرما در هر برگچه از برگ درخت خرما، روی رقم زاهدی 06/1 و 34/0 پوره در فراشبند و 28/0 و 88/ 0 پوره در تنگه زرد در سال­های مورد بررسی بود. این مقادیر در بم روی رقم مضافتی در سه سال متوالی 1392، 1393 و 1394 به ترتیب 27/0، 25/0 و 1/0 پوره بود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of economic injury level of Ommatissus lybicus (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae) on two commercial date cultivars in southern Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Arbabtafti 1
  • H. Pezhman 2
  • M. T. Fassihi 3
  • M. J. Assari 4
  • H. Noori 1
  • A. Hosseini Gharalari 1
1 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran. Iran
2 Plant Protection Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran
3 Plant Protection Research Department, Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Bushehr, Iran
4 Plant Protection Research Department, Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

Dubas bug, Ommatissus lybicus Bergevin (1930), is one of the key pests of date palms in Iran, which drastically reduces the quality and quantity of dates produced. The Present study aimed to determine economic injury level of O. lybicus on two commercial date cultivars in three main date palm growing provinces of southern Iran. The economic injury level of dubas bug on date palm was estimated by Pedigo method. A date palm grove infested by dubas bug was chosen in Kerman (Bam), Fars (Farashband), and Bushehr (Tang-e Zard) provinces. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design with seven treatments replicated three times. Each experimental unit consisted of three identical trees in which the sampling was performed on the middle tree. We reached the intended densities of O. lybicus using natural and artificial infestation by using insecticides. The assessment was made based on the weekly recording the number of nymphs and honey droplets. In addition, the total weight of the harvested date was determined at harvesting. The results showed that EIL based on the number of nymphs/leaflet of date palm leaf on Zahedi cultivar were 1.06 and 0.34 nymphs for Farashband, respectively, and 0.28 and 0.88 nymphs for Tang-e Zard in studied years. The values for Bam on Mazafati cultivar in the three consecutive years of 2013, 2014 and, 2015 were 0.27, 0.25, and 0.10 nymphs, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • date palm
  • dubas bug
  • EIL

مراجع

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