استفاده از پهپاد برای کنترل شیمیایی شته مومی کلم Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) در مزارع کلزا

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده‌ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز ، ایران

2 گروه حشره‌شناسی و بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده‌ فناوری کشاورزی (ابوریحان)، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران

10.61186/jesi.45.1.6

چکیده

کلزا، Brassica napus L.  با 35 تا 45% روغن در دانه‌های خود یکی از مهم‌ترین گیاهان روغنی در دنیاست و می‌تواند در مناطق اقلیمی مختلف کشت شود. شته مومی کلم، Brevicoryne brassicae L.   مهم‌ترین آفت مزارع کلزا در ایران است و در حال حاضر کاربرد حشره‌کش‌های شیمیایی با استفاده از سمپاش‌های زمینی رایج‌ترین روش کنترل این آفت می‌باشد. اما تراکم و ارتفاع زیاد گیاهان کلزا در مزرعه، حرکت سم‌پاش‌های زمینی را مشکل کرده و موجب آسیب به گیاهان می‌شود. بنابراین، در این مطالعه، کارآیی سمپاشی هوایی مزارع کلزا علیه شته مومی کلم با استفاده از پهپاد بررسی و با سمپاشی زمینی مقایسه شد. این مطالعه طی دو فصل زراعی، در مزارع کلزای میاندوآب و ایلخچی واقع در شمال غرب ایران انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری از جمعیت شته 24 ساعت قبل از سمپاشی و 48 و 72 ساعت و دو هفته بعد سمپاشی انجام شد. برای سمپاشی هوایی از یک پهپاد شش روتور مجهز به اتمایزرهای چرخشی میکرونیر و برای سمپاشی زمینی از یک سمپاش پشت تراکتوری استفاده شد. نتایج نشان دادند که سمپاشی هوایی با پهپاد به صورت معنی‌داری مؤثرتر از سمپاشی زمینی بوده و دو تا شش برابر کارآیی بیشتری در کاهش جمعیت شته داشت. تجزیه تصویر کارت های حساس به رطوبت نشان داد که هواپیماهای بدون سرنشین قطرات ریزتری با قطر متوسط حجمی کوچکتر تولید می کنند. تجزیه و تحلیل اقتصادی هم نشان داد که سمپاشی هوایی علیرغم هزینه های اولیه بالاتر به دلیل هزینه های عملیاتی کمتر و کاهش مصرف آب مقرون به صرفه تر می‌باشد. این یافته‌ها بر پتانسیل استفاده از پهپادها برای کاربرد دقیق آفت‌کش‌ها در مزارع کلزا تأکید می‌کنند.

چکیده تصویری

استفاده از پهپاد برای کنترل شیمیایی شته مومی کلم Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) در مزارع کلزا

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Using drone for chemical control of cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in canola fields

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghaiyeh Karimzadeh 1
  • Elsa Tabatabaie 1
  • Mir Jalil Hejazi 1
  • Saeid Behmaram 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Canola, Brassica napus L. is a significant oilseed crop, containing 35 to 45% oil in its seeds, and can be cultivated in various climatic regions. Cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. is the most important pest of the canola fields in Iran. Chemical insecticide application using ground sprayers is the primary method for controlling B. brassicae in canola fields. However, the dense and tall growth of canola plants poses challenges for maneuvering ground sprayers, which can potentially cause damage to the plants. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of aerial spraying of canola fields against cabbage aphid using drone, and compared it with ground spraying. During two growing seasons, this study was conducted in canola fields of Miandoab and Ilakhchi in northwest Iran. Aphid populations were sampled 24 hours before sprayings and 48 hours, 72 hours, and two weeks after sprayings. A six-rotor drone equipped with micronair rotary atomizers was employed for aerial spraying, while a tractor-mounted sprayer was used for ground applications. Results demonstrated that aerial spraying with drone was significantly more efficient, achieving two to six times higher efficacy against cabbage aphids than ground spraying, as measured by the reduction in aphid populations. Image analysis of water-sensitive cards indicated that drones produced finer droplets with smaller volume median diameters. Economic analysis revealed that aerial spraying was more cost-effective despite higher initial costs due to lower operational expenses and reduced water usage. These findings underscore the potential of using drones for precision pesticide application in canola farming

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aerial spraying
  • Pest management
  • Precision agriculture
  • Pesticide efficiency

© 2025 by Author(s), Published by the Entomological Society of Iran

This Work is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International Public License

مراجع

Anzabi, S. H. M., Ghanbalani, G. N., Eivazi, A., Shojaee, M. & Ranji, H. (2009) Evaluation of resistance of canola genotypes to cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 11, 55-66. http://www.agrobreed.ir
Azizpanah, A., Rajabipour, A., Alimardani, R., Kheiralipour, K., Ghamari, B. & Mohammadi, V. (2015) Design, construction and evaluation of a sprayer drift measurement system. Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal, 17, 138-146. https://cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3308
da Cunha, J. P., Victor, A. P. & Sales, C. G. (2018) Spray deposition on soybean crop using different travel speeds and application rates. Engenharia Agrícola, 38, 82-87. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v38n1p82-87/2018
de Lima, I. D. S., Degrande, P. E., de Souza, C. M. & Viegas, A. L. (2018) Droplet distribution as a function of cotton interrow spacing and angles of sprayer displacement. Engenharia Agrícola, 38, 927-933. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v38n6p927-933/2018
Derksen, R. C. & Gray, R. L. (1995) Deposition and air speed patterns of air-carrier apple orchard sprayers. Transactions of the ASAE 38, 5-11. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.27805
Derksen, R. C., Ranger, C. M., Canas, L. A., Locke, J. C., Zhu, H. & Krause, C. R. (2010) Evaluation of handgun and broadcast systems for spray deposition in greenhouse poinsettia canopies. Transactions of the ASABE, 53, 5-12. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.29494
Elahii, A., Shirvani, A. & Rashki, M. (2018) Effect of different genotypes of oilseed rape on fitness of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Journal of Animal Research (Iranian Journal of Biology), 31: 25-34. https://www.sid.ir/paper/248719/en
Filho, I. F. H., Heldens, W. B., Kong, Z. & de Lange, E. S. (2020) Drones: innovative technology for use in precision pest management. Journal of Economic Entomology, 113, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz268
França, J. A., Cunha, J. P. D. & Antuniassi, U. R. (2018) Spectrum and velocity of droplets of spray nozzles with and without air induction. Engenharia Agrícola,  38, 232-237. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v38n2p232-237/2018
Hafeez, A., Husain, M. A., Singh, S. P., Chauhan, A., Khan, M. T., Kumar, N., Chauhan, A. & Soni, S. K. (2023) Implementation of drone technology for farm monitoring & pesticide spraying: A review. Information processing in Agriculture, 10, 192-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inpa.2022.02.002
Hilz, E. & Vermeer, A. W. (2013) Spray drift review: The extent to which a formulation can contribute to spray drift reduction. Crop Protection, 44, 75-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2012.10.020
Henderson, C. F. & Tilton, E. W. (1955) Tests with acaricides against the brown wheat mite. Journal of Economic Entomology, 48, 157-161. https://doi.org/ 10.1093/jee/48.2.157
Hoffmann, W. C. & Salyani, M. (1996) Spray deposition on citrus canopies under different meteorological conditions. Transactions of the ASAE 39, 17-22. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.27475
Huang, Y. & Thomson, S. J. (2011) Characterization of spray deposition and drift from a low drift nozzle for aerial application at different application altitudes. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 4, 28-33. https://doi.org/10.3965/j.issn.1934-6344.2011.04.028-033
Jokar, M. (2021) Evaluating the effectiveness of a sprayer UAV in controlling cotton bollworm. Arthropods, 10(3), 97. http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/arthropods/online­version.asp
Matthews, G., Bateman, R. & Miller, P. (2014) Pesticide Application Methods. John Wiley & Sons.
Nalam, V., Louis, J. & Shah, J. (2019). Plant defense against aphids, the pest extraordinaire. Plant Science, 279, 96-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.04.027
Ozkan, H. E., Paul, P., Derksen, R. C. & Zhu, H. (2011) Influence of application equipment on deposition of spray droplets in wheat canopy. Aspects of Applied Biology, 114, 317-324. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/20123125360
Paul, R. A. I., Arthanari, P. M., Pazhanivelan, S., Kavitha, R. & Djanaguiraman, M. (2023) Drone-based herbicide application for energy saving, higher weed control and economics in direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 93, 704-709. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i7.137859
Pergher, G. & Gubiani, R. (1995) The effect of spray application rate and airflow rate on foliar deposition in a hedgerow vineyard. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 61, 205-216. https://doi.org/10.1006/jaer.1995.1048
Qin, W. C., Qiu, B. J., Xue, X. Y., Chen, C., Xu, Z. F. & Zhou, Q. Q. (2016) Droplet deposition and control effect of insecticides sprayed with an unmanned aerial vehicle against plant hoppers. Crop Protection, 85, 79-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2016.03.018
Rebelo, C. & Nascimento, J. (2021) Measurement of soil tillage using UAV high-resolution 3D Data. Remote Sensing, 13, 4336. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13214336
Safari, M. & Sheikhi Garjan, A. (2020) Comparison between unmanned aerial vehicle and tractor lance sprayer against Dubas bug Ommatissus lybicus (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae). Iranian Journal of Plant Protection Science, 51, 13-26. https://doi.org/10.22059/IJPPS.2020.281898.1006894
Salyani, M., Zhu, H., Sweeb, R. & Pai, N. (2013) Assessment of spray distribution with water-sensitive paper. Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal , 15, 101-111. https://cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2439
Seyyedi-Sahebari, F., Shirazi, J., Mohajer, A. & Taghizadeh, M. (2021) Control of cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae on oilseed rape using none chemical products in East Azerbaijan province. Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection, 10, 63-69. https://doi.org/10.22034/ARPP.2021.12907
Shengde, C. H. E. N., Yubin, L. A. N., Bradley, K. F., Jiyu, L. I., Aimin, L. I. U. & Yuedong, M. A. O. (2017) Effect of wind field below rotor on distribution of aerial spraying droplet deposition by using multi-rotor UAV. Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 48, 105-113. http://www.nyjxxb.net/index.php/journal/article/view/499
Shirani Rad, A. H. & Deshiri, A. (2002) Planting guide, preserving, and harvesting of Canola. Agricultural Education. 113 p.
Subramanian, K. S., Pazhanivelan, S., Srinivasan, G., Santhi, R. & Sathiah, N. (2021) Drones in insect pest management. Frontiers in Agronomy , 3, 640885. https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2021.640885
Thériault, R., Salyani, M. & Panneton, B. (2001) Spray distribution and recovery in citrus application with a recycling sprayer. Transactions of the ASAE 44, 1083. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.6430
Vitória, E. L. D., Krohling, C. A., Borges, F. R. P., Ribeiro, L. F. O., Ribeiro, M. E. A., Chen, P., Lan, Y., Wang, S., Moraes, H. M. F. & Furtado Júnior, M. R. (2023) Efficiency of fungicide application and using an unmanned aerial vehicle and pneumatic sprayer for control of Hemileia vastatrix and Cercospora coffeicola in mountain coffee crops. Agronomy, 13, 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020340
Xue, S., Xi, X., Lan, Z., Wen, R. & Ma, X. (2021) Longitudinal drift behaviors and spatial transport efficiency for spraying pesticide droplets. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 177, 121516.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.121516
Yallappa, D., Veerangouda, M., Maski, D., Palled, V. & Bheemanna, M. (2017) Development and evaluation of drone mounted sprayer for pesticide applications to crops. IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.
Zhu, H., Derksen, R. C., Ozkan, H. E., Reding, M. E. & Krause, C. R. (2008) Development of a canopy opener to improve spray deposition and coverage inside soybean canopies: part 2: opener design with field experiments. Transactions of the ASABE 51, 1913-1922. doi: https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.25390

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار