تأثیر گاز ازن روی شپشه برنج، Sitophilus oryzae (Col.: Curculionidae)، و شپشه دندانه‌دار، Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Col.: Silvanidae)، در انبارهای خرما، گندم و برنج

نویسنده

گروه حشره‌شناسی و بیمای‌های گیاهی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران.

چکیده

به دلیل اهمیت اقتصادی آفات انباری و مقاوم‌شدن آفات نسبت به فسفین و متیل‌بروماید، جایگزین‌کردن ترکیبات مناسب دیگر در امر کنترل ضروری می‌باشد. بدین منظور اثر کشندگی گاز ازن در کنترل دو گونه آفات مهم انباری، شپشه برنج، Sitophilus oryzae L.، و شپشه دندانه‌دار، Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.)، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. حشرات کامل به‌طور جداگانه در انبارهای حاوی سه نوع مواد غذایی (خرما، گندم و برنج) و در اعماق 30، 40، 45 و 100 سانتی‌متری تحت تأثیر گاز ازن قرار گرفتند و تلفات بعد از 24 ساعت شمارش شد. نتایج نشان داد گاز ازن در توده خرما تلفات کمتری را روی حشرات مورد آزمایش نسبت به گندم و برنج ایجاد کرد. تلفات به‌وجود‌آمده توسط گاز ازن در عمق‌های مختلف، مرگ‌ومیر متفاوتی ایجاد کرد اما میزان مرگ‌ومیر ایجاد‌شده برای هر دو آفت در عمق 100 سانتی‌متری محصولات غذایی معنی‌دار بود. مقدار مجذور امگا (2w) مربوط به عمق محصول (05/0) بیشتر از مقدار 2w نوع محصول (004/0) بود، بنابراین در ایجاد تلفات توسط ازن در حشرات مورد آزمایش نقش عمق محصول بیشتر از نقش نوع محصول بوده است. آزمون‌های کشندگی نسبی نیز مؤید این مطلب بود که در عمق 100 سانتی‌متری مقدار  LC50ازن برای S. oryzae و O. surinamensis در خرما بیشتر از گندم و برنج است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of ozone on Sitophilus oryzae (Col.: Curculionidae) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Col.: Silvanidae) in date, wheat and rice storehouses

نویسنده [English]

  • R. Sadeghi
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Aboureihan, University of Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The economical loss from stored product pests and their resistance to phosphine and methyl bromide, necessitate replacing these chemicals with other compounds. The toxicity of ozone was evaluated on two important stored product insects, Sitophilus oryzae L. and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.). The insects were exposed to ozone in separate date, wheat and rice storehouses at the depths of 30, 40, 45 and 100 cm. The mortality was determined after 24 h of exposure. The results demonstrated a lower mortality caused by ozone in date compared to wheat and rice on S. oryzae and O. surinamensis. Treatments with ozone under different depths led to different levels of mortalities, but at 100 cm, mortality for both species were significant. Calculated omega square (w2) values showed that this criterion (w2) for the depth of the foodstuff (0.05) is more than the corresponding value (0.004). Therefore, depth of the foodstuff was more effective than the type of foodstuff on the pests’ mortalities. The relative median potency tests revealed higher LC50 values of ozone for S. oryzae and O. surinamensis in date comparing to the LC50values for wheat and rice at a depth of 100 cm.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • stored-product pests
  • Ozone
  • Toxicity
 
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