جدول زندگی مقایسه‌ای Aphis craccivora (Hem: : Aphididae) روی میزبان گیاهی Robinia pseudoacacia در شرایط مزرعه و آزمایشگاه

نویسندگان

1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran.

2 شغل آزاد

3 دانشجوی دکتری

4 هیئت علمی

چکیده

شته اقاقیا، Aphis craccivora Koch آفت مهم اقاقیا، Frisia Robinia pseudoacacia است. ویژگی­های جدول زندگی
A. craccivora در شرایط طبیعی (دمای 16-33 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 32-89 درصد) و آزمایشگاهی (دمای 1±25 درجه سلسیوس، 5±70 درصد و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی) تعیین شدند. داده­ها با استفاده از نظریه سن- مرحله جدول زندگی دوجنسی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. آزمایش­ها در هر کدام از شرایط 45 بار تکرار شدند. تفاوت معنی­داری بین بقا، باروری و طول عمر A. craccivora در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و طبیعی وجود داشت. در شرایط طبیعی، A. craccivora به طور معنی­داری طول دوره پورگی، طول عمر حشرات کامل و چرخه زندگی کوتاه­تری نسبت به شرایط آزمایشگاهی داشت. به هرحال، نرخ ذاتی افزایش (r)، نرخ خالص تولید مثل (R0)، نرخ متناهی آفزایش جمعیت (λ) و نرخ ناخالص تولید مثل (GRR) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی بالاتر از مقادیر به دست آمده در شرایط طبیعی بودند. در هر حال، مدت زمان نسل در شرایط طبیعی طولانی­تر از شرایط آزمایشگاهی بود. به طورکلی، نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که شرایط متفاوت (مزرعه و آزمایشگاه) تاثیر معنی­داری روی دوره­های رشد و ویژگی­های جدول زندگی A. craccivora داشتند و گریز از نتیجه­گیری آشکار مبنی بر این که باید از تعمیم نامناسب نتایج آزمایشگاه برای کاربرد در شرایط طبیعی جلوگیری کنیم، سخت است. نتایج به دست آمده در اینجا می­تواند در درک پویایی جمعیت A. craccivora در شرایط مزرعه و توسعه برنامه مدیریت تلفیقی موثر نیز به ما کمک کند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparative life table of Aphis craccivora (Hem.: Aphididae) on host plant, Robinia pseudoacacia under natural and laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Sahragard 1
  • R. Jalalipour 2
  • Kh. Madahi 3
  • A. Karimi-Malati 4
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran.
3 PhD student
4 Academic staff
چکیده [English]

-The cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch, is an important pest of Robinia pseudoacacia Frisia. Life table parameters of A. craccivora were determined under natural (16- 33ºC and 32-89% RH, respectively) and laboratory (25 ± 1ºC, RH of 70 ± 5% and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (L: D) conditions. The data were analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. Each experiment was replicated 45 times for each condition. There was significant differences between the survivorship, fecundity and longevity of the A. craccivora in laboratory and natural conditions. Under natural conditions, A. craccivora had a significant shorter nymphal developmental time, adult longevity and life span than those reared under laboratory conditions. However, the intrinsic rate of increase (r), net reproductive rate (R0), the finite rate of increase (λ) and gross reproductive rate (GRR) under laboratory conditions, were higher than those obtained in field, the higher mean generation time (T) was found in the field. All in all, the results of this study showed that two different conditions (field and laboratory) had significant influence on developmental times and life table parameters of A. craccivora and it is hard to escape the obvious conclusion that we must prevent the unsuitable extrapolation of laboratory results to field applications. The results obtained here, could also help us to understand the population dynamics of A. craccivora under field condition and to develop effective integrated pest management (IPM) programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aphis craccivora
  • generation time
  • Intrinsic rate of increase
  • life table parameters
  • natural condition

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