بررسی اثر طول دوره روشنایی بر زادآوری، طول عمر و نسبت جنسی زنبور پارازیتویید Trichogramma brassicae (Hym: Trichogrammatidae)

نوع مقاله : دومین کنگره بین‌المللی حشره شناسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه تهران

3 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

در این تحقیق اثر رژیم­های مختلف نوری شامل تاریکی مطلق، 3، 6، 9، 12، 15، 18، 21 و روشنایی مطلق بر میزان پارازیتیسم تخم­های Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lep: Pyralidae) توسط زنبور پارازیتویید Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hym: Trichogrammatidae) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. بنابر نتایج به­دست آمده، زادآوری پارازیتوییدهای ماده (تعداد تخم­های پارازیته شده E. kuehniella) پرورش یافته در رژیم­های نوری متفاوت، مستقل از طول دوره روشنایی بود اماطول دوره روشنایی دارای اثر معنی­دار بر طول عمر پارازیتوییدهای ماده بود.حداقل میزان زادآوری و طول عمر در رژیم نوری 18 ساعت روشنایی: 6 ساعت تاریکی و حداکثر میزان زادآوری و طول عمر به ترتیب در رژیم­های نوری 21 ساعت روشنایی: 3 ساعت تاریکی و تاریکی مطلق مشاهده شد. از طرف دیگر، نسبت ماده­ها وابسته به رژیم نوری بوده و حداکثر نسبت ماده­ها در رژیم نوری 18 ساعت روشنایی: 6 ساعت تاریکی مشاهده شد. بنابر نتایج به دست آمده، به نظر می­رسد که قرارگیری زنبورهای پارازیتویید در رژیم­های نوری بلندمدت منجر به افزایش طول عمر و نسبت ماده­ها از طریق تحریک برخی غدد و به دنبال آن ترشح گروه خاصی از هورمون­ها می­شود. بنابراین رژیم نوری بلندمدت می­تواند منجر به افزایش کارایی پارازیتویید از طریق افزایش طول عمر و نسبت ماده­ها شود.       

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Photoperiod Effect on Fecundity, Longevity and Sex ratio of Trichogramma brassicae (Hym: Trichogrammatidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Rahimi Kaldeh 1
  • A. Ashouri 2
  • A. R. Bandani 3
1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The effect of photoperiod on parasitization of the eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lep: Pyralidae) by Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hym: Trichogrammatidae) was investigated under several photoperiodic regimes of L: D = 0: 24, 3: 21, 6: 18, 9: 15, 12: 12, 15: 9, 18: 6, 21: 3 and absolute light on. Fecundity of T. brassicae females (the number of parasitized E. kuehniella eggs) was independent of photoperiod in the whole life time of females. However, photoperiod had a significant influence on the longevity of T. brassicae females. The least fecundity and longevity was for those that developed and were kept under 18L: 6D and the highest fecundity and longevity was for those that developed and were kept under 21L: 3D and absolute darkness, respectively. On the other hand, the proportion of T. brassicae females was dependent of photoperiod and the highest proportion of females was observed under 18L: 6D. It seems that long term photoperiods may stimulate a particular gland to secret a special hormone which results in more longevity and female proportion of parasitoid. As a conclusion, long term photoperiods may improve efficiency of the parasitoid by increasing longevity and sex ratio. 

 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Egg parasitoid
  • fecundity
  • longevity
  • photoperiod
  • Sex ratio
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