عملکرد زیستی شته جالیز Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) روی شش گیاه میزبان مختلف در شرایط میکروکازم

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت. ایران

2 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.

3 گروه گیاهپزشکی ، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت ، ایران

4 بخش تحقیقات حشره شناسی کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

شته جالیز، Aphis gossypii Glover، به عنوان مهم­ترین آفت چندین­خوار طیف وسیعی از گیاهان اقتصادی مهم در مزارع و گلخانه­ها محسوب می­شود. در این تحقیق، دموگرافی شته جالیز روی شش گیاه میزبان مختلف، از جمله خیار (Cucumis sativus L. var. Beith Alpha)، گوجه­فرنگی (Solanum lycopersicum var. Falat111)، بادمجان (Solanum melongena var. Yummy)، بامیه (Abelmoschus esculentus var. Clemson Spineless)، کدو (Cucurbita pepo var. Hybrid Rajai) و فلفل (Capsicum annuum var. Bertene) با استفاده از جدول زندگی سن-مرحله رشدی، دو جنسی در شرایط میکروکازم (23±2 درجة سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±70 درصد و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی) بررسی شد. نتایج، اثر گیاهان میزبان مختلف را بر طول دوره رشدی، باروری و پارامترهای جدول زندگی A. gossypii نشان داد. کمترین طول دوره پورگی (177/0± 57/4 روز)، بیشترین طول عمر بلوغ (184/0± 87/21 روز)، بیشترین باروری (85/0± 6/73 نتاج/ماده)، بیشترین مقدار نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) (006/0± 369/0 بر روز) و کمترین میانگین طول یک نسل (T) (202/0± 646/11 روز) شته مذکور روی کدو به دست آمد. علاوه بر این، نتایج پیش­بینی جمعیت نشان داد که رشد جمعیت شته جالیز روی کدو، بیشتر از سایر گیاهان میزبان بود. این یافته­ها نشان داد که از بین میزبان­های مورد بررسی، کدو به عنوان مناسب­ترین گیاه میزبان برای شته جالیز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Life history performance of Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on six different host plants under microcosm condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kh. Madahi 1
  • A. Sahragard 2
  • R. Hosseini 3
  • V. Baniameri 4
1 PhD student. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht
3 Department of Plant protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
4 Department of Entomology, National Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Aphis gossypii Glover is considered as the most important polyphagous pest of a wide range of economically important plants in fields and greenhouses. In this study, the demography of cotton aphid, reared on six different host plants, including cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. var. Beith Alpha), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. Falat111), eggplant (Solanum melongena var. Yummy), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus var. Clemson Spineless), squash (Cucurbita pepo var. Hybrid Rajai), and pepper (Capsicum annuum var. Bertene) was investigated using the age-stage, two-sex life table under microcosm conditions (23±2°C and 70±5% RH and a photoperiod of 16L:8D h). The results revealed the differential effect of host plants on developmental duration, fecundity, and life table parameters of A. gossypii. The shortest nymphal duration (4.57±0.177 days), the longest adult longevity (21.87±0.184 days), the highest fecundity (73.6±0.85 offspring/female), the highest intrinsic rate of increase (r) (0.369±0.006 day-1) and the lowest mean generation time (T) (11.646±0.202 days) of the aphid were obtained on squash. Furthermore, the results of the population projection revealed that the population growth of cotton aphid was higher on squash, compared to other host plants. These findings suggested that squash as the most suitable host plant for A. gossypii among the tested hosts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cotton aphid
  • life table
  • trichome
  • host plant
  • population projection
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