بررسی مقاومت ارقام مختلف هلو نسبت به کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای Acari: Tetranychidae) Tetranychus urticae Koch) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، فارسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران

2 Department of Plant Protection, Shahrekord University

3 Shahid Chamran University

4 Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran

چکیده

کنه تارتن دولکه‌­ای Tetranychus urticae Koch یکی از آفات مهم هلو در ایران می‌­باشد. این مطالعه به منظور ارزیابی مقاومت پنج رقم هلو (Redtap، G. H. Hale، Kardi، Elberta و Springtimes) نسبت به این آفت انجام شد. مقاومت این ارقام در شرایط آزمایشگاهی در دمای 1±27 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی10±50 درصد و دوره نوری D12: L12 ساعت، به روش دیسک برگی (رهاسازی پنج کنه ماده بالغ بارور روی دیسک­‌هایی از برگ ارقام هلو و شمارش تعداد تخم کنه، مرگ و میر و ارزیابی میزان خسارت آن) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین تراکم کرک‌­ها در سطح رویی و زیرین برگ، غلظت ترکیبات فنلی و میزان عناصر غذایی موجود در برگ ارقام مختلف مورد محاسبه قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده، بیشترین میزان خسارت وارده به دیسک برگی در ارقام جی ­اچ ­هیل و کاردی و کمترین میزان آن در ارقام البرتا، ردتاپ و اسپرینگ­تایمز مشاهده شد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد، تراکم کرک‌­ها در سطح رویی و زیرین برگ­ها بین ارقام مختلف هلو اختلاف معنی­‌داری نداشت. درنتیجه این پراسنجه نقشی در ایجاد مقاومت نسبت به این کنه ندارد. به علاوه، رابطه­ای بین غلظت ترکیبات فنلی و مقاومت نسبت به کنه تارتن دولکه­ای وجود نداشت. به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که ارقام ردتاپ، البرتا و اسپرینگ ­تایمز مقاوم و ارقام جی ­اچ ­هیل و کاردی حساس­ترین میزبان­‌ها نسبت به کنه تارتن دولکه­ای در میان ارقام مورد بررسی بودند و به نظر می­رسد عدم تعادل عناصر غذایی به ویژه عنصر پتاسیم عامل اصلی مقاومت به این آفت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation on resistance of different peach cultivars to two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) in laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. R. Nemati 1
  • E. Riahi 2
  • P. Shishehbor 3
  • Z. Saeidi 4
1 Plant Protection Dept., Agricultural Coll., Shahrekord Univ., Shahrekord, Iran
2 Shahrekord University
3 Shahid Chamran University
4 Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
چکیده [English]

Two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch is an important pest of peach in Iran. This study was conducted to estimate the resistance of five peach cultivars (Redtap, G.H.Hale, Kardi, Elberta and Springtimes). Resistance of different cultivars to this pest was evaluated at 27 ± 1°C, 50 ± 10 %RH and 12 L: 12 D h., using leaf disk bioassay with introducing five adult female mites on leaf disk and counting number of eggs, mite mortality and host damage. Moreover, trichomes density on upper and underside of the leaves, concentration of phenolic compounds and percentage of leaf nutrients were measured. The results showed that the highest plant damage was on G.H.Hale and Kardi cultivars, and the lowest on Elberta, Redtap and Springtimes. The findings also indicated that the density of trichomes on upper and underside of the leaves was not significantly different among cultivars. Therefore, this parameter has no role in resistance to TSSM. Furthermore, there was no relationship between concentration of phenolic compounds and resistance to TSSM. Altogether results revealed that Redtap, Elberta and Springtimes were the most tolerant, whereas G.H.Hale and Kardi were the most susceptible cultivars and nutrient imbalance especially potassium is probably main factor of the resistance against TSSM.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • nutrient elements
  • phenolic compounds
  • trichome
  • leaf disk

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