بررسی اثرات کشنده و غیرکشندة سه حشره کش روی بالتوری سبز Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسندگان

1 موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی تهران، ایران

2 گروه حشره شناسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم وتحقیقات اراک، ایران

3 دانشکده امیرکبیر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم وتحقیقات اراک، ایران

چکیده

بالتوری سبز،Chrysoperla carnea Stephens  از دشمنان طبیعی مفید در کشاورزی است که به راحتی در آزمایشگاه قابل پرورش می­ باشد. این گونه در برنامه­ های مهار زیستی به روش رهاسازی اشباعی به طور گسترده استفاده می­ شود. اطلاعات در خصوص اثرات  غیرکشندگی، به مشخص شدن اثرات منفی و زیر کشندة حشره­کش­ها روی آفات کمک خواهد نمود و اطلاعات کاربردی برای یافتن راه­کارهای موثر در کنترل آفات را نشان خواهد داد. اثرات کشنده  و غیرکشندة  حشره ­کش ­های تبوفنوزاید، کلوتیانیدین و فلوپیرادیفورون روی حشــرات کامل بالتوری سبز C. carnea در شرایط آزمایشگاهی در دمای 2 ± 25 درجة سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 60% درصد و دوره نوری 8:16 ساعت (روشنایی: تاریکی) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد، دورة تخم­ریزی در تیمار فلوپیرادیفورون (62/26 روز در مقایسه با تیمارهای کلوتیانیدین (90/21 روز) و تبوفنوزاید (62/21 روز) تفاوت معنی ­داری دارند و میزان باروری کل نیز در تیمار فلوپیرادیفوران به طور معنی داری بیشتر از سایر تیمارها بود. نتایج آزمایش ­های مربوط به جدول زندگی نشان داد که مقدار پراسنجة r  در شاهد و تیمارهای کلوتیانیدین، تبوفنوزاید و فلوپیرادیفوران به ترتیب 15/0، 17/0، 14/0 و 15/0 برروز بود. نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ) در تیمارهای مختلف تحت تاثیر قرار گرفت، به طوری که از 19/1 تا 16/1 بر روز در افراد بالغ C. carnea به ترتیب برای تیمارهای کلوتیانیدین و تبوفنوزاید متغیر بود. همچنین بیشترین میزان زنده­ مانی C. carnea (58 روز) در شاهد مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده در خصوص طول دوره زندگی، میزان باروری و پراسنجه ­های مهم زیستی بالتوری سبز، به نظر می‌رسد فلوپیرادیفوران نسبت به کلوتیانیدین و تبوفنوزاید، روی جمعیت C. carnea زیان­ کمتری داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Lethal and sublethal effects of three insecticides on green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gh. R. Golmohammadi 1
  • H. R. Rezaei Trshizi 2
  • R. Vafaei Shoshtari 2
  • L. Faravardeh 1
  • Z. Rafei-Karehroudi 3
1 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Iran
3 Amirkabir Building, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Iran
چکیده [English]

Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) is an important beneficial predator in agriculture, which is easily reared in laboratory. It is widely used in augmentative biological control programs. Research on sublethal effects, aims to reveal the negative and non-lethal impacts of insecticides on pests and provide practical information for forming effective pest control strategies. The lethal and sublethal effects of tebufenozide, clothianidin, and flupyradifurone on the common green lacewing, C. carnea were investigated in laboratory conditions at 25 ± 2°C, 60 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 h. (L:D). The results indicated the oviposition period in insects treated with flupyradifurone (26.62 days) was significantly different from the oviposition period in insects treated with clothianidin (21.90 days) and tebufenozide (21.62 days). Total fecundity in flupyradifurone treatment was significantly higher than the total fecundity in other treatments. The life table experiment of current study showed the values of r in control and the populations treated with LC30 of clothianidin, tebufenozide and flupyradifurone were 0.15, 0.17, 0.14, 0.15 day-1, respectively. The finite rate of increase (λ) was affected with different treatments; and the values varied from 1.19 to 1.16 day-1 for C. carnea adults treated with clothianidin and tebufenozide, respectively. The highest survival rate of C. carnea was observed in control (58 days). Based on the results, it seems flupyradifurone may have less harmful effects on total lifespan, fecundity rate and bio-characteristics of green lacewing population than clothianidin and tebufenozide.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chrysoperla carnea
  • Sublethal effects
  • Life-table
  • insecticide

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