تلفیق تله‌های فرمونی و نوری برای شکار انبوه کرم خراط (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) Zeuzera pyrina در باغ‌های گردو

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسنده

بخش تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

پروانه فری یا کرم خراط، Zeuzera pyrina یکی از خطرناک­ترین آفات چوب خوار گردو در ایران و سایر نقاط جهان به شمار می­ رود. از آنجایی که لاروهای آفت درون سرشاخه، شاخه‌های اصلی و فرعی و تنة درخت زندگی می­کنند، کنترل آنها مشکل است. بنابراین به کارگیری تله­ های فرومونی برای شکار انبوه حشرات نر، یکی از مهم ­ترین روش­ ها برای کاهش جمعیت آفت می­باشد. هدف از این تحقیق تلفیق تله­ های فرومونی و نوری به منظور افزایش شکار انبوه آفت در باغ­ های گردو بوده است. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک ­های کامل تصادفی شامل سه تیمار (تله فرومونی، تله نوری تغذیه شده با سلول­های خورشیدی و تلفیق تلة فرومونی و نور) و شش تکرار در سال­های 1393-1394 اجرا شد. تله­ های فرومونی در تاریخ 20 اردیبهشت ماه (قبل از ظهور حشرات کامل)، در ارتفاع 1 تا 2 متر پایین­تر از نقطه انتهایی تاج درخت نصب شدند. آماربرداری و بازدید از تله­ ها به صورت هفتگی در دوره پرواز شب­ پره ­ها انجام شد و تعداد شب پره‌های شکار شده در تیمارهای مختلف مقایسه شد. نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین میزان شکار حشرات نر در تیمار تلفیق تلة­ فرومونی با نور (به ترتیب 38/4±60/65 و  25/1±20/79 در هر تله) و کمترین شکار در تیمار تلة نوری (به ترتیب 28/1±60/27 و  78/3±60/27 در هر تله برای سال 1393 و 1394) مشاهده شد. تلفیق تلة فرومونی و نور به طور معنی­ داری شکار انبوه پروانه فری را در باغ­ های گردو افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Integration of pheromone and light traps for mass trapping of leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) in walnut orchards

نویسنده [English]

  • Z. Saeidi
Plant Protection Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina L., is a dangerous wood borer pest of the walnut trees in different parts of the world. The larvae bore deep into twigs, branches and trunks, and its chemical, biological and mechanical control is difficult, therefore use of mass trapping is an efficient method to reduce the pest population. The purpose of this study was to increase the efficiency of mass trapping by combining the light and pheromone baited traps in walnut orchards. The study was conducted based on the randomized complete block design with three treatments (pheromone trap, solar-powered insect light trap and combined pheromone trap and light) and six replicates during 2014-2015. Pheromone traps were installed one meter below the apical point of tree canopy before the starting of the adult emergence (May 10th). Observation was done weekly during the moth flight period and the number of captured moth was counted and compared in different treatments. Based on the results, in all sampling dates, the highest number of captured males (65.6±4.38 and 79.2±1.25 in 2014 and 2015, respectively) observed in combined pheromone trap and light, whereas the lowest (27.6±1.28 and 27.6±3.78 in 2014 and 2015, respectively) observed in the light trap treatment. Combining of light with pheromone trap significantly increased the efficiency of Z. pyrina mass trapping in the walnut orchards.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Non-chemical control
  • Wood borer
  • Walnut
  • Sex pheromone
  • Light
  • Captured moth

مراجع

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