تأثیر باقیمـاندة چند حشـره‌کـش روی لاروهای Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptear: Gelechiidae) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

مینوز گوجه فرنگی Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)  یک آفت مخرب روی بوته‌های گوجه فرنگی در گلخانه‌ها و مزارع است. در این مطالعه اثربخشی 7 حشره‌کش اسپینوساد، کلرانترانیلی‌پرول، ایندوکساکارب، آبامکتین، متافلومیزون، آزادیراکتین و Bacillus thuringiensis در مدت 30 روز پس از سمپاشی روی مینوز گوجه فرنگی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بوته‌های گوجه فرنگی با نصف و یک چهارم غلظت توصیه شدة مزرعه‌ای حشره کش­ ها سمپاشی شدند. تعداد 30 عدد لارو سن دوم در 2، 4، 7، 10، 13، 17، 22، 26 و 30 روز پس از تیمار، روی گیاهان تیمار شده قرار گرفتند و 48 ساعت بعد تلفات آنها ثبت شد. نتایج نشان داد که اسپینوساد و کلرانترانیلی­پرول در نیم غلظت توصیه شدة مزرعه‌ای بیشترین کارایی را روی لاروهای مینوز گوجه فرنگی داشتند و به ترتیب 100 و 80 درصد تلفات در پایان 30 روز ایجاد کردند. از سوی دیگر، ایندوکساکارب باعث تلفات 57 درصد در روز 22ام پس از تیمار با غلظت یک چهارم توصیه شدة مزرعه‌ای شد. در غلظت یک چهارم توصیه شدة مزرعه‌ای، آبامکتین و متافلومیزون کارایی مناسبی داشتند (52 و 54 درصد در روز دهم). بر این اساس بکارگیری این سه ترکیب را می‌توان برای جلوگیری از رسیدن جمعیت آفت به سطح آسیب اقتصادی مناسب دانست. حشره‌کش­های Bt و آزادیراکتین تلفات جزئی و ماندگاری کوتاهی بر روی این آفت داشتند. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده و بر اساس وضعیت جمعیت آفت، کارشناسان و کشاورزان می‌توانند ترکیبات مناسب را برای کنترل این آفت انتخاب کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Residual toxicity of some insecticides on Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) larvae under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Z. Nozad-Bonab
  • S. khani
  • N. Maroofpour
  • Sh. Iranipour
Department of Plant Protection, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Tomato leaf miner (TLM), Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), is a destructive insect pest in greenhouses and fields on tomato plants. In this study, the efficacy of seven insecticides: spinosad (Laser®), chlorantraniliprole (Coragen®), indoxacarb (Steward®), abamectin (Vertimec®), metaflumizone (Alverde®), azadirachtin (NeemAzal®), and Bacillus thuringiensis was evaluated against T. absoluta during 30 days from spraying. Tomato plants were sprayed by half and a quarter of the recommended field concentrations of the insecticides. Thirty 2nd instar larvae were placed on the treated plants, 2, 4, 7, 10, 13, 17, 22, 26, and 30 days after treatment, and mortality was recorded 48 hours later. The results showed that spinosad and chlorantraniliprole in the half of the field recommended concentration caused maximum efficacy on T. absoluta larvae, 100 and 80 % mortality at the end of 30 days, respectively. On the other hand, indoxacarb caused 57 % mortality on the 22nd day after exposure to the quarter of the field recommended concentration. In the quarter field-recommended concentration, abamectin and metaflumizone also had moderate mortality (52 and 54 % on the 10th day). The application of these three compounds can be considered suitable for preventing an increasing pest population from reaching the economic injury level. Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki and azadirachtin insecticides had slight mortality and short persistence on this pest. Experts and farmers can select the appropriate compounds to control this pest based on the pest population status according to the obtained results.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Residual effects
  • Tomato leaf miner
  • Bioinsecticide
  • Protection time

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