رفتار تخمریزی وابسته به سن زنبور پارازیتویید Trichogramma brassicae روی Ephestia kuehniella در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

10.52547/jesi.42.1.4

چکیده

ویژگی‌های زیستی به‌ویژه رفتار تخمریزی زنبورهای پارازیتویید یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل تعیین‌کننده کارایی آنها در مدیریت جمعیت آفت میزبان می‌باشد. در این مطالعه الگوی تخمریزی وابسته به سن، نرخ پارازیتیسم، درصد تفریخ و نسبت جنسی زنبور پارازیتویید Trichogramma brassicae روی Ephestia kuehniella در شرایط آزمایشگاهی (1±25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی %5±70 و دوره نوری 16: 8 ساعت (روشنایی: تاریکی)) بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد زنبورهای T. brassicae در سنین جوانی (1 تا 4 روزه) در سراسر تریکوکارت حرکت می‌کنند و اغلب تخم‌های میزبان را که در مرکز تریکوکارت هستند پارازیته می‌کنند، اما در سنین بالاتر (روزهای 5 و 6) به صورت مستقیم روی تریکوکارت حرکت می‌کنند و تخم‌هایی را که در دسترس‌تر باشند پارازیته می‌کنند. بیشترین پارازیتیسم روزانه زنبور T. brassicae، 56/0±03/13و در اوایل عمر زنبور پارازیتویید مشاهده شد. با افزایش سن زنبور پارازیتویید، میزان پارازیتیسم روزانه کاهش یافت. درصد تفریخ تخم-های پارازیته‌شده تحت تأثیر سن زنبور پارازیتویید قرار گرفت و مقدار آن بین 82/0±07/95 درصد (روز اول تخمگذاری) تا 43/6±78/42 درصد (روز ششم تخمگذاری) متغیر بود. بیشترین مقدار نسبت جنسی در سه روز اول عمر زنبورهای ماده مشاهده شد و با افزایش سن زنبورهای ماده، نسبت ماده زایی به طور معنی داری کاهش یافت.در پرورش انبوه زنبور T. brassicaeروی E. kuehniella، زنبورهای پارازیتوییدها نباید بیش از سه روز در انسکتاریوم نگهداری شوند زیرا نسبت جنسی به سمت نرزایی رفته و نرخ پارازیتیسم به طور معنی داری پس از روز سوم عمر زنبور پارازیتویید کاهش یافت نتایج این تحقیق کارایی بالای زنبورهای پارازیتویید T. brassicae را نشان می‌دهد، بنابراین برای پرورش انبوه و استفاده در برنامه‌های کنترل بیولوژیک اشباعی پیشنهاد می‌شوند.

چکیده تصویری

رفتار تخمریزی وابسته به سن زنبور پارازیتویید Trichogramma brassicae روی Ephestia kuehniella  در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Age-specific oviposition behavior of Trichogramma brassicae on Ephestia kuehniella under laboratory conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Bayat
  • Ahmad Ashouri
Department of Plant Protection, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Biological characteristics especially oviposition behavior of parasitoids are one of the most important factors to determine their efficiency to suppress a pest population. In this study, age-specific oviposition pattern, parasitism rate, hatch rate, and sex ratio of Trichogramma brassicae on Ephestia kuehniella were evaluated at temperature of 25±1ºC, 70±5% relative humidity and a 16 h light: 8 h dark photoperiod. The results showed that younger T. brassicae (1st-4th days) moved throughout the cardboard and often parasitized eggs which placed in the central part, but female parasitoid of T. brassicae moved straight on cardboard and parasitized closer eggs in the end days of life (5th and 6th days). The maximum daily parasitized eggs by T. brassicae was 13.03±0.56 at the beginning of its oviposition period. Then, it decreased significantly with adult female age. The female age influenced hatch rate (%) of T. brassicae eggs. Its values were ranged from 95.07±0.82% (1st day of oviposition period) to 42.78±6.43% (6th day of oviposition period) in different days of adult female age. The highest values for sex ratio were estimated to be in the first 3 days of adult female life. The female-biased sex ratio decreased significantly with increasing adult female age. For efficient mass rearing of T. brassiace on E. kuehniella, parasitoids should not be kept more than three days in cultures because the progeny becomes male-biased and parasitism rate decreased significantly after 3rd days. Results of this study show good potential of T. brassicae and it suggest for mass rearing and to use in augmentative biological control program.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mass rearing
  • Trichogramma brassicae
  • Biological control
  • Sex ratio

©2022 by Author(s), Published by Entomological Society of Iran
This Work is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International Public License

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