The effect of sublethal concentration of three commercial formulations of neem including Kofa, NeemAzal and Nimbecidine on the life table parameters of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hem., Aleyrodidae)

Document Type : Paper, Persian

Authors

1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2 Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of West Azarbaijan, AREEO, Urmia, Iran

Abstract

Greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood is one of the most important pests of vegetables, crops, and ornamental plants. In order to control this pest, it is necessary to find alternative solutions in order to reduce the adverse effects caused by the excessive use of chemical pesticides. Therefore, this research investigated the sub-lethal effect (LC20) of three formulations of Azadirachtin, including Nimbecidine®, NeemAzal T/S®and Kofa® investigated on the greenhouse condition. Experiments were carried out in the greenhouse with light conditions of 16:8 hours (light: dark), temperature 27±2 °C, and 65±5% RH. The results showed that Nimbecidine®formulation with LC50 was equal to 0.261a.i. mg/L was the most toxic formulation on the third instar nymph of this pest. In investigating the sub-lethal effects of all three formulations, they affected the duration of immature stages, survival, longevity, and fecundity of the whitefly. The lowest net rate of reproduction (R0) (3.68 offspring), the intrinsic rate of population increase (r) (0.06 1/day), and the finite rate of population increase (λ) (1.06 1/day) were related to the Nimbecidine® formula. However, the average duration of one generation (T) was not affected by the sublethal concentration of the three formulations. The findings of the present research indicated the adverse effects of the sub-lethal concentration (LC20) of all three neem formulations on the biological parameters and population growth of this pest. Accordingly, it is possible to use the sublethal concentration of the Nimbecidine® formula in the integrated management of this pest

Graphical Abstract

The effect of sublethal concentration of three commercial formulations of neem including Kofa, NeemAzal and Nimbecidine on the life table parameters of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hem., Aleyrodidae)

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

تاثیر غلظت زیرکشنده سه فرموله تجاری چریش شامل کوفا، نیم‌آزال و نیم‌بسیدین روی فراسنجه‌های جدول زندگی سفیدبالک گلخانهTrialeurodes vaporariorum (Hem., Aleyrodidae)

Authors [Persian]

  • سمانه نیک اختر 1
  • شهرام ارمیده 1
  • شهرام میرفخرایی 1
  • مریم فروزان 2
1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران
2 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

سفید­بالک گلخانهTrialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood  یکی از آفات مهم­ سبزی، صیفی و گیاهان زینتی می­باشد. در کنترل این آفت، یافتن راهکارهای جایگزین به ­منظور کاهش اثرات سوء ناشی از مصرف بی­رویه آفت­کش­های شیمیایی ضروری می­باشد. بنابراین در این پژوهش، اثر زیر­کشندگی (LC20) سه فرمولاسیون چریش (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) شامل نیم­بسیدین®، نیم­آزال® و کوفا® روی سفید‌‌بالک گلخانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش­ها در گلخانه با شرایط نوری ۱۶: ۸ ساعت (روشنایی: تاریکی)، دمای ۲±۲۷ درجه‏ سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی­5±۶۵ درصد انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد فرمولاسیون نیم­بسیدین® با LC50 معادل 261/0 میلی گرم ماده موثر بر لیتر، سمی­ترین فرمولاسیون روی پوره سن سوم این آفت بود. در بررسی اثرات زیر کشندگی، هر سه فرمولاسیون، طول دوره مراحل نابالغ، طول عمر، باروری و بقاء سفید بالک را تحت تأثیر قرار دادند. کمترین نرخ خالص تولید مثل(R0) (68/3 نتاج/ فرد)، نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت(r)  (06/0­1/ روز)و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت  (λ)­(06/1 1/ روز)مربوط به فرمولاسیون نیم­بسیدین بود. با این حال میانگین مدت زمان یک نسل (T) تحت تأثیر غلظت­ زیرکشنده سه فرمولاسیون قرار نگرفت. یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر حاکی از اثرات منفی غلظت‌ زیرکشنده‌ (LC20) هر سه فرمولاسیون چریش روی فراسنجه ­های زیستی و رشد جمعیت این آفت بود. بر همین اساس، می­توان از غلظت­ زیرکشنده­ فرمولاسیون نیم­بسیدین® در مدیریت تلفیقی این آفت استفاده کرد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • مدیریت آفات
  • چریش
  • اثرات زیر کشنده
  • فراسنجه‌های رشد جمعیت

 © 2022 by Author(s), Published by the Entomological Society of Iran

This Work is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License

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Journal of Entomological Society of Iran
Volume 42, Issue 4
February 2023
Pages 313-323

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