ویژگی های زیستی، واکنش تابعی و عددی کنه شکارگر Amblyseius swirskii با تغذیه از سفیدبالک Bemisia tabaci

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

10.61186/jesi.43.2.2

چکیده

کنه Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot توجهات اساسی را به عنوان یک عامل کنترل بیولوژیک به خود جلب کرده است. تاریخچه زندگی و واکنش تابعی و عددی A. swirskii با تغذیه از Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی (2±25 درجه سلسیوس، 5±60% رطوبت نسبی، 16 ساعت روشنایی: 8 ساعت تاریکی) مطالعه شد. دوره رشدی مراحل نابالغ، بقا و زادآوری A. swirskii بوسیله قراردادن تخم­های تازه کنه روی برش­های گرد از برگ خیار (به قطر 5/2 سانتی­متر) و آلوده به مراحل مختلف نابالغ B. tabaci ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که کنه شکارگر قادر به تغذیه و تکمیل رشدش روی تخم و پوره­های سن یک B. tabaci بود. کل دوره رشدی قبل از بلوغ ماده  A. swirskiiبا تغذیه از تخم و پوره­های سن یک B. tabaci به ترتیب 62/5 و 12/5 روز بود. نسبت جنسی (درصد ماده) A. swirskii با تغذیه از رژیم­های غذایی مذکور به ترتیب 70 و 72% بود. با تغذیه از رژیم­های غذایی مذکور، طول عمر ماده بالغ  A. swirskiiبه ترتیب 27/25 و 97/26 روز و زادآوری کل 20/47 و 70/41 تخم بود. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (rm) در A. swirskii با تغذیه از رژیم­های غذایی مذکور به ترتیب 2040/0 و 1863/0 بر روز بود. با استفاده از رگرسیون لجستیک، واکنش تابعی کنه A. swirski با تغذیه از تراکم­های مختلف (5، 10، 20، 30، 45 و 60) تخم B. tabaci از نوع دوم تعیین شد. بیشترین میانگین تعداد طعمه مصرف شده بوسیله یک عدد کنه ماده A. swirski در تراکم­های 60 و 45 طعمه به ترتیب 50/38 و 70/34 تخم و بدون تفاوت معنی دار ثبت شد. قدرت جستجو (a) و زمان دستیابی (Th) کنه­های ماده بر اساس رگرسیون غیرخطی حداقل مربعات، 1056/0 بر ساعت و 3534/0 ساعت تخمین زده شد. بیشترین نرخ شکارگری (T/Th) کنه­های ماده 91/67 تخم در روز بود. با افزایش تراکم طعمه،  واکنش عددی (تعداد تخم­های گذاشته شده) کنه معنی داری نبود. در مجموع، نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که کنه A. swirski پتانسیل خوبی برای کنترل B. tabaci دارد. بنابراین پژوهش­های بیشتری در این زمینه در گلخانه و مزرعه مورد نیاز است.

چکیده تصویری

ویژگی های زیستی، واکنش تابعی و عددی کنه شکارگر Amblyseius swirskii با تغذیه از سفیدبالک Bemisia tabaci

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Biological characteristics, functional and numerical responses of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii feeding on cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rasool Golshan
  • Parviz Shishehbor
  • Mehdi Esfandiari
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot has attracted substantial attention as a biological control agent. The life history traits, and functional and numerical responses of A. swirskii fed on Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) was studied under laboratory conditions (25±1°C, 60±5% RH and 16 L: 8D). Predatory mite was able to feed and complete its development on both B. tabaci eggs and 1st instar nymphs. Total preadult developmental period of female A. swirskii fed on eggs and 1st instar nymphs of B. tabaci were 5.62 and 5.12 days, respectively. Sex ratio (female percentage) of A. swirskii feeding on above diets were 70 and 72 %, respectively. Female longevity of A. swirskii fed on above mentioned diets were 25.27 and 26.97 days, respectively, and total fecundity were 47.20 and 41.70 eggs, respectively. Intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of A. swirskii fed on above mentioned diets were 0.2040 and 0.1863 day-1, respectively. A type II functional response for feeding A. swirski on different densities (5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60) of B. tabaci eggs was determined. The highest mean number of preys fed by a single female A. swirskii were 38.50 and 34.70 eggs which were recorded at densities of 60 and 45 preys, respectively, with no significant difference. Searching efficiency (a) and handling times (Th) of the female mites were estimated as 0.1056 h-1 and 0.3534 h, according to nonlinear least-square regression. The maximum theoretical predations (T/Th) for female mites was 67.91 eggs/day. The reproductive numerical response, in terms of eggs laid, showed no significant difference with increasing prey density. There was also no significant difference between longevity of female mite in different densities of B. tabaci eggs. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that A. swirskii has a good potential to control B. tabaci. Therefore, further glasshouse and field research is warranted.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • attack rate
  • fecundity
  • handling time
  • life table
  • prey density

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