اثرات سمی پنیرباد بر فیزیولوژی کرم غوزه‌ی پنبه Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسندگان

گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

10.61186/jesi.44.3.1

چکیده

کرم غوزه‌ی پنبه Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) یکی از مهم‌ترین آفات سبزیجات در سراسر جهان به شمار می‌رود. امروزه معمولاً اقدامات ایمن جایگزین برای مبارزه با حشرات آفت مختلف توصیه می‌شود. در این بررسی، تاثیر عصاره‌ی اتانولی میوه‌ی یک گیاه دارویی به نام پنیرباد Withania somnifera L. (Solanaceae) علیه لارو سن سوم کرم غوزه‌ی پنبه بررسی گردید. مقادیر LC50، LC30 و LC10 به صورت گوارشی در رژیم غذایی 1/33، 0/53 و 0/14 (% w/v) برآورد شد. بعداً، مقدار LC30 (0/53 % w/v) به دست آمده مجدداً بر روی لاروهای تیمار شده به دلیل تأثیر آن بر برخی مولکول‌ها و آنزیم‌های مهم انجام شد. نتایج حاکی از افزایش میزان اسید اوریک و افزایش فعالیت اسید فسفاتاز، آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز، لاکتات دهیدروژناز، گلوتاتیون اس-ترانسفراز در مقایسه با گروه شاهد (تغذیه با رژیم غذایی مصنوعی با اتانول به تنهایی) بود. با این حال، فعالیت آلانین آمینوترانسفراز، آلکالین فسفاتاز، کاتالاز، استیل کولین استراز، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و پراکسیداز کاهش یافت. بافت‌شناسی معده‌ی میانی اختلال در  سلول‌های اپیتلیال اصلی معده میانی و همچنین سایر انواع سلول‌ها را در گروه تیمار در مقابل شاهد نشان داد. اجزای شیمیایی عصاره‌ی اتانولی میوه‌های پنیرباد نیز با استفاده از GC-MS شناسایی شد که اجزای اصلی آن شامل 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (51/18 درصد) و 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (21/86 درصد) بود. نتایج ما حاکی از یک محصول طبیعی امیدوارکننده است که می‌تواند به عنوان منبع جدیدی برای کنترل حشرات آفت در نظر گرفته شود.

چکیده تصویری

اثرات سمی پنیرباد بر فیزیولوژی کرم غوزه‌ی پنبه  Helicoverpa armigera  (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Toxic Effects of Winter Cherry on the Physiology of Cotton Bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yasaman Ohadi
  • Roya Azizi
  • Jalal Jalali Sendi
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract. The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) is considered as one of the most important pests of vegetables worldwide. Nowadays, alternative safe control measures are usually recommended against various insect pests. We investigated the ethanolic extracts of a medicinal plant fruit called winter cherry Withania somnifera L. (Solanaceae) against third instar larvae of cotton bollworm. The LC50, LC30, and LC10 values were estimated by feeding through larval diet at 1.33, 0.53, and 0.14 (% w/v). Later, the LC30 value (0.53 % w/v) obtained was again treated on third instar larvae to find out its sublethal effects on some important molecules and enzymes. The results showed elevated amount of uric acid and also increased activity in acid phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase in comparison with the controls (fed artificial diet with ethanol alone). However, decreased activity of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, catalase, acetylcholinesterase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase were observed. The midgut histology showed disruption in main midgut epithelial cells as well as other cell types in treated vs controls. Chemical components of the ethanolic extract of winter cherry fruits were also identified using GC-MS where the main components included 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (51.18 %) and 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (21.86%). Our results are indicative of a promising natural product that can be regarded as a new source for insect pest control.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Extract
  • Growth and development
  • Helicoverpa armigera
  • Toxicity
  • Whithania somnifera

© 2024 by Author(s), Published by the Entomological Society of Iran

This Work is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International Public License

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