The effect of the smart system enhancing the overwintering performance of bees on overwintering index and honey production traits of honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies

Document Type : Paper, Persian

Authors

1 Animal Science Research Department, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sanandaj, Iran

2 Department of Honeybee, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Edcucation and Extention Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the smart system enhancing the overwintering performance of bees on in overwintering index and honey production traits of honey bee colonies in the climatic conditions of Kurdistan province from February 2022 to May 2024. This research was designed and implemented in the form of a completely randomized design with three treatments (including: the first treatment of honeybee colonies with the smart system enhancing with a wooden protector, the second treatment of honeybee colonies with the smart system enhancing with a concrete protector and the third treatment of honeybee colonies without the smart system enhancing as a control) and 7 replications. Experimental colonies were homogenized in terms of queen age, population (adults and brood) and hive type in April to September 2022 before conducting the experiment. Variance analysis results of the data obtained from the present study showed that the installation of the smart system enhancing the overwintering performance of bees had a significant effect on overwintering index and honey production trait of the studied honey bee colonies (p<0.01). Based on the mean comparison results, the highest average wintering index and honey production traits with an average of 6.11 and 20.26 kg, respectively, are related to honey bee colonies with the smart system enhancing the overwintering performance of bees with a concrete protector, and the lowest with an average of 65. 2 and 7.98 kg were related to the control treatment. According to the findings of the present research, the use of the smart system enhancing the overwintering performance of bees with a concrete protector can be suggested to reduce winter losses, increase colony production and also reduce temperature fluctuations in the early months of the year inside the colony in Kurdistan province and other neighboring provinces with similar climatic conditions.

Graphical Abstract

The effect of the smart system enhancing the overwintering performance of bees on overwintering index and honey production traits of honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies

Keywords

Main Subjects


Article Title [Persian]

تاثیر سیستم هوشمند تقویت کننده توان زمستانگذرانی زنبورها روی صفات شاخص زمستانگذرانی و تولید عسل کلنی‏ های زنبورعسل (Apis mellifera)

Authors [Persian]

  • عطاله رحیمی 1
  • صالح صالحی 1
  • ناصر تاج آبادی 2
1 بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کردستان، سازمان تحقیقات، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، سنندج، ایران
2 بخش تحقیقات زنبورعسل، موسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

زمستانگذرانی و تلفات زمستانه، یکی از بزرگ‏ترین چالش‏ها برای کلنی‌های زنبورعسل و زنبورداران در مناطق سردسیر و معتدل جهان است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر سیستم هوشمند تقویت‌کننده توان زمستانگذرانی زنبورها روی صفات شاخص زمستانگذرانی و تولید عسل کلنی‌های زنبورعسل در شرایط آب و هوایی استان کردستان طی بازه‌ زمانی اسفند ماه سال 1400 الی خرداد ماه سال 1403 انجام شد. این پژوهش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تیمار (تیمار اول کلنی‌های زنبورعسل دارای سیستم هوشمند تقویت‌کننده توان زمستانگذرانی زنبورها با محافظ المنت چوبی، تیمار دوم کلنی‌های زنبورعسل دارای سیستم هوشمند تقویت‌کننده توان زمستانگذرانی زنبورها با محافظ المنت بتنی و تیمار سوم کلنی‌های زنبورعسل بدون سیستم هوشمند تقویت کننده توان زمستانگذرانی زنبورها به عنوان شاهد) و هر تیمار با هفت تکرار طراحی و اجرا شد. قبل از اجرای آزمایش، کلنی‌های آزمایشی از لحاظ سن ملکه، جمعیت (نوزادان و بالغین) و نوع کندو در اردیبهشت الی مهر ماه سال 1401 همسان سازی شدند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده‌های به‌دست آمده از مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که نصب سیستم هوشمند تقویت‌کننده توان زمستانگذرانی زنبورها تأثیر معنی‌داری روی صفات شاخص زمستانگذرانی و تولید عسل کلنی‏های زنبورعسل مورد مطالعه داشته است (01/0< p). براساس نتایج مقایسه میانگین‌ها، بیشترین میانگین صفات شاخص زمستانگذرانی و تولید عسل به ترتیب با میانگین 11/6 و 26/20 کیلوگرم مربوط به کلنی‌های زنبورعسل دارای سیستم هوشمند تقویت کننده توان زمستانگذرانی زنبورها با محافظ المنت بتنی و کمترین آن با میانگین 65/2 و 98/7 کیلوگرم مربوط به تیمار شاهد بود. بر همین اساس، می‌توان استفاده از سیستم هوشمند تقویت کننده توان زمستانگذرانی زنبورها با محافظ المنت بتنی را برای کاهش تلفات زمستانه، افزایش تولید عسل کلنی‏ها و همچنین کاهش نوسانات دمایی در ماهای ابتدایی سال در کلنی‌های زنبورعسل در استان کردستان و سایر استان‌های همجوار که شرایط آب و هوایی مشابهی دارند، توصیه کرد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • زنبورعسل
  • تلفات زمستانه
  • سیستم هوشمند
  • زمستانگذرانی
  • صفات رفتاری و عملکردی
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