تاثیر مخرب فرمولاسیون نانو روغن چریش، Azadirachta indica، روی ملخ صحرایی، Schistocerca gregari

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، انگلیسی

نویسندگان

1 بخش آفات و حفاظت از گیاهان، مرکز تحقیقات ملی، دوکی،جیزه، مصر

2 بخش بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، مرکز تحقیقات ملی، دوکی،جیزه، مصر

3 بخش آفات و حفاظت از گیاهان، مرکز تحقیقات ملی، دوکی،جیزه، مصر و موسسه تحقیقات بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، مهندسی ژنتیک و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه شهر سادات، مصر

4 بخش تحقیقات ملخ، موسسه تحقیقات حفاظت از گیاهان، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی، جیزه، مصر

10.22117/jesi.2025.368826.1713

چکیده

 آفت‌کش‌های زیستی گیاهی به دلیل اثربخشی‌شان در مبارزه با انواع آفات زراعی شناخته شده‌اند. اهمیت این آفت‌کش‌ها، قابلیت تجزیه زیستی و مقرون‌به‌صرفه بودنشان می‌باشد. کاربرد فناوری نانو به عنوان راهی امیدوارکننده برای پیشرفت روش‌های کنترل آفات در نظر گرفته می‌شود. این مطالعه، تأثیر مخربی را در ارتباط با تبدیل روغن چریش به شکل نانو با استفاده از امواج فراصوت پرانرژی نشان داد. تجزیه و تحلیل میکروسکوپ الکترونی عبوری (TEM) نشان داد که نانوذرات تهیه شده، کروی و صاف بودند و میانگین اندازه ذرات آنها از 90 تا 120 نانومتر متغیر بود. اثرات روغن چریش فله‌ای و نانوامولسیون آن بر روی پوره‌های سن پنجم ملخ صحرایی، Schistocerca gregaria در شرایط نیمه‌مزرعه ارزیابی شد. کاربرد موضعی هر دو فرمولاسیون، در دوزهای 2.5 و 5 ppm، منجر به افزایش قابل توجه میزان مرگ و میرو همچنین ناهنجاری‌های پورگی و پوست‌اندازی ناموفق، در مقایسه با گروه کنترل شد. با این حال، فرم خام روغن چریش، اثربخشی بیشتری نسبت به فرمولاسیون نانو نشان داد. فعالیت کیتیناز و پروتئین کل تحت تأثیر هر دو فرمولاسیون قرار گرفتند. نکته قابل توجه این است که نانو امولسیون منجر به افزایش قابل توجه مدت زمان زنده ماندن پوره‌ها شد. تجزیه و تحلیل کروماتوگرافی گازی/طیف‌سنجی جرمی (GC/MS)، عدم وجود اسید لینولئیک در نمونه نانو را نشان داد، که ممکن است دلیل اثربخشی برتر نمونه خام نسبت به فرمولاسیون نانو باشد. تیمار اولتراسونیک طولانی مدت در طول تهیه نانو امولسیون روغن چریش، بر ترکیبات زیستی فعال موجود در روغن چریش تأثیر منفی گذاشت و منجر به کاهش فعالیت زیستی آن درروی پوره‌های سن پنجم S. gregaria در مقایسه با فرم خام آن شد.

چکیده تصویری

تاثیر مخرب فرمولاسیون نانو روغن چریش، Azadirachta indica، روی ملخ صحرایی، Schistocerca gregari

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The adverse impact of transforming neem oil (Azadirachta indica) into a nano formulation for application as a botanical pesticidal agent against the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nadia Dimetry 1
  • Mahfouz Abd-Elgawad 2
  • Dalia Youssef 3
  • Samira Nabel 4
1 Pests and Plant Protection Department., National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt
2 Plant Pathology Department., National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt
3 Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Egypt
4 Locust and Grasshoppers Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
چکیده [English]

Botanical biopesticides are recognized for their efficacy in combating a variety of crop pests. They are characterized by their biodegradability and affordability. The application of nanotechnology is viewed as a promising avenue for advancing pest control methods. This study revealed a detrimental impact associated with the conversion of neem oil into its nano form using high-energy sonication. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis indicated that prepared nano particles were spherical and smooth with mean particle size ranged from 90 to 120 nm. The effects of both bulk neem oil and its nano-emulsion were evaluated against the fifth instar nymphs of Schistocerca gregaria under semi-field conditions. Topical applications of both formulations, at doses of 5 and 2.5 ppm, resulted in a significant increase in mortality rates, as well as nymphal malformations and failed molting, in comparison to the control group. However, the crude form of neem oil demonstrated greater effectiveness than the nano formulation. The chitinase activity and total protein were influenced by both formulations. Notably, the nano emulsion resulted in a significant extension of duration period in the survived nymphs. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis indicated the absence of linoleic acid in the nano sample, which may account for the superior efficacy of the bulk sample over the nano formulation. The prolonged ultrasonic treatment during preparation of neem oil nano-emulsion adversely affected the active biocompounds presented in neem oil, leading to a reduction in its bioactivity against the fifth instar nymphs of S. gregaria compared to its crude form.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nanotechnology
  • Pest control
  • Azadirachta indica
  • Schistocerca gregaria
  • Plant extract

© 2025 by Author(s), Published by the Entomological Society of Iran

This Work is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License.

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