Diversity of Phlebotomine sand flies and their medical importance in the Bordj Bou Arreridj and M’sila Regions, Northeastern Algeria

Document Type : Paper, English

Authors

1 1. Laboratory of Biosystematics and Ecology of Arthropods, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Constantine Frères Mentouri, Route Ain El Bey, Constantine 25017, Algeria 2. Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi University,34030, El Anasser – Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria

2 Laboratory of Biosystematics and Ecology of Arthropods, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Constantine Frères Mentouri, Route Ain El Bey, Constantine 25017, Algeria

3 Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi University,34030, El Anasser – Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria

10.22034/jesi.46.4.3

Abstract

A field survey was conducted in the El-Hodna (M’sila Province) and Bibans (Bordj Bou Arreridj Province) regions of northeastern Algeria between 2009 and 2015 and supplemented by additional field and laboratory research from 2017 to 2019. Sticky traps placed in domestic animal shelters across 33 stations yielded a total of 1,782 phlebotomine sand fly specimens belonging to 14 species in two genera, Phlebotomus (8 species) and Sergentomyia (6 species). Ecological diversity was quantified using the Shannon-Weaver (H'), Simpson (D), and evenness (E) indices. The Hutcheson t-test revealed higher diversity in El-Hodna (H' = 2.34) than in the Bibans (H' = 1.98), reflecting greater equitability despite lower species richness. Chi-squared analysis confirmed significant compositional differences between regions. Mann-Whitney U tests identified Phlebotomus perniciosus, P. papatasi, and P. longicuspis as significantly differentially abundant. Spearman altitude correlations revealed contrasting habitat affinities: P. perniciosus was associated with higher elevations, while P. papatasi was linked to lower steppe zones. Chao1 estimates confirmed near-complete inventories. Three primary leishmaniasis vectors, P. papatasi, P. sergenti, and P. perniciosus, were confirmed sympatric in both regions, highlighting potential leishmaniasis transmission risks.

Graphical Abstract

Diversity of Phlebotomine sand flies and their medical importance in the Bordj Bou Arreridj and M’sila Regions, Northeastern Algeria

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

تنوع پشه‌های خاکی (Diptera: Psychodidae) و اهمیت پزشکی آن‌ها درمناطق برج بوعریریج و مسیله، شمال شرق الجزایر

Authors [Persian]

  • Tahar Sayah 1
  • Naima Benkenana 2
  • Belkacem aimen Boulaoued 2
  • سلیمه برچی 2
  • فوزی بولکنفت 3
1 Department of agronomy, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences and Earth and Universe Sciences, Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi University, Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria
2 Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences University of
3
Abstract [Persian]

یک بررسی میدانی در مناطق الحضنه (استان مسیله) و البیبان (استان برج بوعریریج) در شمال شرقی الجزایر بین سال‌های ۲۰۰۹ و ۲۰۱۵ انجام شد و با پژوهش‌های میدانی و آزمایشگاهی تکمیلی از سال ۲۰۱۷ تا ۲۰۱۹ کامل گردید. تله‌های چسبان که در پناهگاه‌های حیوانات اهلی در ۳۳ ایستگاه قرار داده شده بودند، در مجموع منجر به تله افتادن ۱٬۷۸۲ نمونه پشه خاکی متعلق به ۱۴ گونه از ۲ جنس Phlebotomus (۸گونه) و Sergentomyia  (۶ گونه) شدند که 6/66 از فون ثبت‌شده ی الجزایر را شامل می‌شوند. تنوع زیستی با استفاده از شاخص‌های شانون–ویور (H′)، سیمپسون (D) و یکنواختی (E) ارزیابی شد. آزمون Hutcheson t-test نشان داد که تنوع در منطقه الحضنه (34/2 = H′) به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از منطقه البیبان است(H' = 1.98) این نتیجه، با وجود غنای گونه‌ای کمتر بیانگر یکنواختی بیشتر در توزیع فراوانی گونه‌ها در الحضنه است. تجزیه و تحلیل تحلیل کای-اسکوئر تفاوت‌های بسیار معنی‌داری را در ترکیب گونه‌ای بین دومنطقه نشان داد. آزمون Mann-Whitney U نشان دادند که فراوانی گونه‌های Phlebotomus perniciosus، P. papatasi و P. longicuspis تفاوت معنی‌داری با یکدیگر دارد. تحلیل همبستگی اسپیرمن با متغیر ارتفاع، ترجیحات زیستگاه الگوهای متفاوتی از وابستگی به زیستگاه را آشکار کرد به طوری که گونه P. perniciosus  با ارتفاعات بالاتر مرتبط بود، در حالی که گونه P. papatasi  با مناطق استپی کم‌ارتفاع‌تر ارتباط داشت. برآوردهای Chao1 نیز کامل بودنِ تقریبی نمونه ‌برداری‌ها را تأیید کردد. سه گونه ناقل مهم لیشمانیوز، شامل P. papatasi، P. sergenti و P. perniciosus، در هر دو منطقه به‌صورت سمپاتریک (هم‌مکان) مشاهده شدند که بیانگر خطر بالقوه انتقال اشکال مختلف لیشمانیوز است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • تنوع پشه‌های خاکی
  • مناطق استپی
  • ناقلان لیشمانیوز
  • شمال شرقی الجزایر

© 2026 by Author(s), Published by the Entomological Society of Iran

This Work is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License.

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Journal of Entomological Society of Iran
Volume 46, Issue 4
October 2026
Pages 415-427

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