پارامترهای زیستی سفیدبالک گلخانه، Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hem.: Aleyrodidae)، در چهار رقم خیار گلخانه‌ای

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تبریز، تبریز.

2 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز.

3 بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجانشرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز.

چکیده

سفیدبالک گلخانه، Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood)، یکی از آفات مهم گلخانه در دنیا و ایران است که سالانه خسارت هنگفتی بر محصولات کشاورزی وارد می‌کند. در این تحقیق، برخی پارامترهای زیستی این حشره روی چهار رقم خیار گلخانه‌ای (رویال اسلویس، سلطان، نگین و ویدا) در دو ارتفاع 60 و 90 سانتی‌متری در درجه حرارت 26-19 درجه سلیسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 80% در شرایط گلخانه‌ای مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. طول دوره رشد پیش از بلوغ این حشره روی رقم‌های مذکور به‌ترتیب 34/0 ± 49/27، 3/0 ± 23/28، 24/0 ± 63/26 و 3/0 ± 44/27 روز و میانگین آن در دو ارتفاع مختلف به‌ترتیب
14/0± 43/26 و 24/0 ± 65/28 روز محاسبه شد. حداقل و حداکثر درصد مرگ‌و‌میر پیش از بلوغ در ارقام مختلف به‌ترتیب 4% و 7% بود که اختلاف معنی‌داری نداشت. طول عمر افراد بالغ ماده روی این رقم‌ها به‌ترتیب 67/0 ± 9/27، 34/0 ± 35/21، 6/0 ± 71/26 و 46/0 ± 22 روز بود که اختلاف آن‌ها در سطح 1% معنی‌دار بود. میانگین آن در دو ارتفاع مختلف نیز 4/0 ± 29/23 و 66/0 ± 4/26 روز بود. کل میزان تخم سفیدبالک گلخانه روی رقم‌های مورد بررسی به‌ترتیب 89/4 ± 82/203، 57/3 ± 26/132، 31/5 ± 68/210 و
15/5 ± 79/162 و در دو ارتفاع مورد بررسی نیز میانگین تخم به ترتیب 75/4 ± 98/187 و 68/5 ± 66/167 شمارش شد که اختلاف آن‌ها در سطح 1% معنی‌دار بود. نسبت جنسی سفیدبالک روی رقم‌ها و دو ارتفاع مذکور اختلاف معنی‌داری نشان ندادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Biological parameters of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hem.: Aleyrodidae) in four greenhouse cucumber cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Mirzamohammadzadeh 1
  • Sh. Iranipour 2
  • H. Lotfalizadeh 3
  • M. Jafarloo 3
1 Department of Plant Protection, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Department of Plant Protection, East-Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), is an important pest of greenhouse throughout the world that causes serious damage on agricultural products. In this research, some biological parameters of the pest were studied in four cucumber cultivars (Royal Sluis, Soltan, Negin and Vida) at two heights (60 and 90 cm) in a greenhouse at 19-26 °C and 80% ± 5 RH. The developmental time of all immature stages were 27.49 ± 0.34, 28.23 ± 0.3, 26.63 ± 0.24 and 27.44 ± 0.3 days, in all cultivars, respectively, but it was slightly longer at the height of 90 cm compared to 60 cm (28.65 ± 0.24 vs. 26.43 ± 0.14 days, respectively). The preimaginal mortality percent ranged from 4 to 7% in different treatments, although this difference was not significant. Female longevities were 27.9 ± 0.67, 21.35 ± 0.34, 26.71 ± 0.6 and 22 ± 0.46 days in the cultivars, respectively (P < 0.01). It was also averaged as 23.29 ± 0.4 and 26.4 ± 0.66 days at both heights. The number of eggs / female were 203.82 ± 4.89, 132.26 ± 3.57, 210.68 ± 5.31 and 162.79 ± 5.15 in different cultivars with an average of 167.66 ± 5.68 and 187.98 ± 4.75 in 90 and 60 cm (P < 0.01). The sex ratio showed no significance among the cultivars at all heights.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • whitefly
  • biology
  • Pest
  • cucumber
  • cultiva

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نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران
دوره 34، شماره 4
دی 1393
صفحه 53-67

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