Integration of pheromone and light traps for mass trapping of leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) in walnut orchards

Document Type : Paper, English

Author

Plant Protection Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran.

Abstract

Leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina L., is a dangerous wood borer pest of the walnut trees in different parts of the world. The larvae bore deep into twigs, branches and trunks, and its chemical, biological and mechanical control is difficult, therefore use of mass trapping is an efficient method to reduce the pest population. The purpose of this study was to increase the efficiency of mass trapping by combining the light and pheromone baited traps in walnut orchards. The study was conducted based on the randomized complete block design with three treatments (pheromone trap, solar-powered insect light trap and combined pheromone trap and light) and six replicates during 2014-2015. Pheromone traps were installed one meter below the apical point of tree canopy before the starting of the adult emergence (May 10th). Observation was done weekly during the moth flight period and the number of captured moth was counted and compared in different treatments. Based on the results, in all sampling dates, the highest number of captured males (65.6±4.38 and 79.2±1.25 in 2014 and 2015, respectively) observed in combined pheromone trap and light, whereas the lowest (27.6±1.28 and 27.6±3.78 in 2014 and 2015, respectively) observed in the light trap treatment. Combining of light with pheromone trap significantly increased the efficiency of Z. pyrina mass trapping in the walnut orchards.

Keywords

References

Almanoufi, A., Chanan, K., Jamal, M., Lillo, E. D., Tarasco, E. & D Onghia, A. N. (2012) Preliminary experiences in pheromone trap monitoring of Zeuzera pyrina (L.) in Syrian apple orchards. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2, 610–618.
Ardeh, M. J., Mohammadipour, A., Kolyaee, R., Rahimi, H. & Zohdi, H. (2014) Effect of pheromone trap sizes and colors on capture of Leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). Journal of Crop Protection (Supplementary) 3, 631–636.
Ashtari, M., Karimi, J., Rezapanah, M. R. & Hassani-kakhki, M. (2011) Biocontrol of leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina L. (Lep.: Cossidae) using entomopathogenic nematodes in Iran.  IOBC/wprs Bulletin 6, 333-335.
Besharatnejad, M. H., Ostuwan, H., Nematollahi, M. R. & Rajabi, G. R. (2016) Effect of some factors on efficiency of different pheromone traps for controlling leopard moth in walnut orchards. Journal of Plant Protection 30 (3), 407–415.
Carter, D. J. (1984) Pest lepidoptera of Europe with special reference to the British islands. Series Entomologica, 431 pp. Dr. W Junk Publishers, Dordrecht.
Esmaili, M. (1991) Important pests of fruit trees in Iran. 578 pp. University of Tehran Press. [In Persian].
Gatwick, J. (1992) Crop pests in the UK. Chapman and Hall, London, pp 126-127.
Hegazi, E. M., Khafagi, W. E., Konstantopoulou, M. A., Herz, A., Raptopoulos, D., Tawfic, H., Abd El-Aziz, G. M., Abdel-Rahman, S. M., Atwa, A., Essam, A. & Showeil, S. (2009) Efficient mass-trapping method as an alternative tactic for suppressing populations of leopard moth (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 102, 809–818.
Hegazi, E. M., Khafagi, W. E., Konstantopoulou, M. A., Schlyter, F., Raptopoulos, D., Showeil, I.S., Abd El-Rahman, S., Atwa, A., Ali, S. E. & Tawfik, H. (2010) Suppression of Leopard moth (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) populations in olive trees in Egypt through mating disruption. Journal of Economic Entomology 103(5), 1621–1627.
Hegazi, E., Shlyter, F., Khafagi, W., Konstantopoulou, M., Agamy, E., Atwad, A. & Gadelhak, G. (2016) Interaction between the leopard moth borer and olive varieties: Associational resistance at work. International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Soil Science 6(2), 8–19.
IBM Corporation (2016) IBM SPSS statistics for windows, Version 22. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Available at: https://hadoop.apache.org.
Isart, J., Valle, N., Llerena, J. J., Mateu, F., Olmo, M. A., Rodriguez-Paiño, E. & Viñolas, A. (1997) Use of pheromones in biological control against Zeuzera pyrina L. on hazel nuts in Spain: mass trapping efficiency for different pheromone dispensers. IOBC wprs Bulletin 20(1), 107-110.
Katsoyannos, P. (1992) Olive pests and their control in the Near East. FAO plant production and protection paper, 178 pp.. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Italy.
Kolyaee, R. & Hassani, D. (2014) Using of sex pheromones for mass trapping of leopard moth in walnut orchards. Journal of Research Achivement for Field and Horticultural crops 3(1), 27–37. [In Persian with English summary].
Kutinkova, H., Andreev, R. & Arnaoudov, V. (2006) The leopard moth borer, Zeuzera pyrina L. (Lepidoptera: Cossidae), important pest in Bulgaria. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 46, 111–115.
Kutinkova, H., Andreev, R., Subchev, M. & Rama, F. (2009) Seasonal flight of leopard moth borer Zeuzera pyrina in Bulgaria. Acta Horticulture 825, 377–382. 
Merghem, A. & Ahmed, A. A. (2018) Leopard moth borer, Zeuzera pyrina L. (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) threat to olive trees, Olea europaea L. (Lamiales: Oleaceae) in Fayoum governorate and its suppressing trials using IPM tactics. Egypt Academic Journal of Biological Sciences 9(3), 99–107.
Mohammed, M. E. A., El-Shafie, H. A. F. & Al-Hajoj, M. B. R. (2018) Design of an automated solar-powered light trap for monitoring and mass trapping of major date palm pests. Ecology, Environment and Conservation 24 (1), 177-185.
Pasqualini, E. & Natale, D. (1999) Zeuzera pyrina and Cossus cossus (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) control by pheromones: four years advances in Italy. Bulletin OILB/SROP 22, 115–124.
Patanita, M.I. & Vargas, E. (2005) Preliminary results in Zeuzera pyrina control with mass trapping method in Alentejo (Portugal). 59th International Symposium on Crop Protection, Gent Belgium.
Radjabi, G. H. (2002) Pests of Rosaceae fruit trees in Iran. 199 pp., Publication of Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization. [In Persian].
Saeidi, Z. & Nourbakhsh, S. H. (2010) Integrated pest management of leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina L. Published by Agriculture Organization of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province, 20 pp. [In Persian].
Saeidi, Z. (2020) Efficiency of different installing height, pheromones and traps in mass trapping of leopard moth in Saman region, Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province, Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 40(1), 35–45. [In Persian with English summary].
Sarto-Monteys, V. (2001) Control of leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina L., in apple orchards in NE Spain: mating disruption technique. IOBC/wprs Bulletin 24 (5), 173-178.
Sarto-Monteys, V. (2015) The leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina in Catalonia (Spain) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). IPM International Fruit Congress Smart Fruit At: Barcelona (Spain) Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273449234.
SAS Institute (2002) Statistical Analysis Systems Version 9.1. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics