تاثیر برخی از هورمون‌های گیاهی بر متابولیت‌های ثانویه میوه زیتون و خسارت مگس میوه زیتون، Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل، فارسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، بخش گیاه‌پزشکی، رشت، ایران

10.61186/jesi.44.1.5

چکیده

مگس میـوه زیتـون، Bactrocera oleae Rossi، آفت تک­خوار و چند نسلی مهم میوه زیتون می­باشد. با توجه به خسارت این آفت، در این تحقیق تاثیر برخی از هورمون­های گیاهی در جهت کاهش جمعیت آفت روی رقم فیشمی در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی طی سال­های 1400 و 1401 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. محلول­پاشی درختان در دو نوبت قبل از گلدهی و رشد میوه با اسیدهای جاسمونیک (1 و 2 میلی­گرم بر لیتر)، سالیسیلیک (1و 2 میلی­مولار) انجام شد. نتایج بررسی تراکم مراحل مختلف رشدی نابالغ این آفت (تخم، لارو سنین اول، دوم، سوم و شفیره) در دو سال آزمایش نشان داد که تاثیر سال (زمان) فقط در صفت تخم معنی­دار، و تاثیر تیمار در سایر صفات دارای تفاوت معنی­دار (به جز تخم و لارو سنین اول) در سطح احتمال یک درصد بودند. تفاوت معنی­داری بین تاثیر تیمار در سال، در لاروهای سنین سوم و شفیره در سطح احتمال یک درصد مشاهده شد. بررسی صفات مورفولوژیکی میوه نشان داد که تاثیر تیمار در طول، وزن، حجم، چگالی و وزن گوشت میوه؛ و تاثیر تیمار در سال، فقط در طول و عرض میوه و هسته، و وزن هسته در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی­دار بودند. ترکیبات شیمیایی موجود در روغن نمونه­های سالم تیمار شده نشان داد که درصد اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع اولئیک و لینولئیک، مقادیر کلروفیل، کاروتنویید و فنول کل نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. بنابراین، ترکیبات اسید جاسمونیک و اسید سالیسیلیک می­توانند با تاثیر بر برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی و افزایش مقادیر متابولیت­های ثانویه میوه، با ایجاد مقاومت آنتی­بیوزی سبب اختلال در چرخه زندگی و کاهش خسارت آفت شوند.

چکیده تصویری

تاثیر برخی از هورمون‌های گیاهی بر متابولیت‌های ثانویه میوه زیتون و خسارت مگس میوه زیتون، Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae)

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of some plant hormones on the secondary metabolites of olive fruit and damage of olive fruit fly , Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Haleh Fard Masoud 1
  • Jabraeil Razmjou 1
  • Bahram Naseri 1
  • Mohammad Reza Abbasi Mojdehi 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Plant Protection Research Department, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

 
The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae Rossi, is an important monophagous and multigenerational pest of olive fruit. Considering the damage caused by this pest, in this research, the effect of some plant hormones to reduce the pest population on Fishmi variety was investigated in the form of a complete randomized block design during the years 2021 and 2022. Trees were sprayed with jasmonic acid (1 and 2 mg/liter), salicylic (1 and 2 mM) two times before flowering and fruit growth. The results of investigating the density of different immature growth stages of this pest (eggs, first-instar, second-instar, third-instar larvae and pupae) in two years of the experiment showed that the effect of the year was significant only in the egg trait, and the effect of the treatment in other traits with significant differences (except the eggs and larvae of the first ages) were at the probability level of one percent. Examining the morphological characteristics of the fruit showed that the effect of the treatment on the length, weight, volume, density and weight of the flesh of the fruit; And the effect of the treatment in the year, only in the length and width of the fruit and kernel, and the kernel weight were significant at the probability level of 1%. Therefore, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid compounds can disrupt the life cycle and reduce pest damage by affecting some morphological traits and increasing the amounts of secondary metabolites of the fruit, by creating antibiosis resistance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Jasmonic acid
  • native variety
  • olive fruit fly
  • salicylic acid
  • secondary metabolites

© 2024 by Author(s), Published by the Entomological Society of Iran

This Work is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International Public License

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